Abstract
In this paper, we argue that the sociopolitical trajectory of Bronze Age of Crete was characterized by the progressive but intentional manipulation of an enduring collective ethos, notably in the organization of gatherings and feasts. These key practices, meant to ensure cohesion, took place within a larger social organization of which the constituents were formed by corporate groups that we interpret as “houses.” We also argue that the nature of these houses changed over time. This process is particularly evident in the varying contexts in which these gatherings took place, with differences in terms of scale and origin of participants and variations in the balance between base-driven and imposed practices. We highlight that a landscape initially dotted with small local communities, connected through kinship bonds and shared practices at the microregional level, was progressively transformed into a homogenous, all-embracing ideological structure, which pervaded society and constituted the backbone of its hierarchical organization. Legitimized and mobilized within a religious system with clear political overtones, this process resulted into a supra-regional, global network that can rightfully be called “Minoan.”
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Acknowledgments
The gestation process of this paper was a painful and long one, and we thank the editors for their patience and valuable input. Largely thanks to the hard work of the local archaeological services, the Institute for Aegean Prehistory’s funding and the mentoring by Malcolm Wiener, the island of Crete has become one of most covered archaeological areas in the world, and the present paper is an attempt to detect a red line among the sheer number of primary data that have been amassed. Thanks are due to T. Fantuzzi, P. Warren, T. Whitelaw, M. Wiener, and the four anonymous reviewers. Where bibliographical references are concerned, we have usually limited ourselves to the most recent papers. As before, Nestor (https://classics.uc.edu/nestor/) remains an essential tool for Aegean bibliography and for new archaeological finds, the Chronique de fouilles/Archaeological Reports, jointly organized by the École Française d’Athènes and the British School at Athens is essential and can be consulted at https://chronique.efa.gr/?kroute. The illustrations were made by N. Kress and this paper was prepared within the frame of the ARC 20/25-106 TALOS and the FNRS projectC 60/5 – CDR/OL.
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Driessen, J., Letesson, Q. The Gathering: Collectivity and the Development of Bronze Age Cretan Society. J Archaeol Res 32, 1–58 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-023-09183-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-023-09183-1