Abstract
In this paper, we describe the development and state of archaeological surface survey in the Mediterranean. We focus especially on surface survey as a means of documenting long-term settlement patterns at various scales, as an approach to the archaeology of regions, and as a pathway to the interpretation of past landscapes. Over the last decades, the literature on Mediterranean survey has increasingly emphasized a distinct set of practices, viewed both favorably and critically by regional archaeologists in the Mediterranean and elsewhere. We show that Mediterranean survey in fact comprises several discrete regional traditions. In general, these traditions have much to offer to wider dialogs in world archaeology, particularly concerning sampling and research design, the interpretation of surface assemblages, and the integration of complex, multidisciplinary datasets. More specifically, survey investigations of Mediterranean landscapes provide comparative data and potential research strategies of relevance to many issues of global significance, including human ecology, demography, urban–rural dynamics, and various types of polity formation, colonialism, and imperialism.
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Acknowledgments
Several colleagues provided invaluable advice on this paper (in full or in part) at various different stages: John Cherry, Jack Davis, J. Andrew Dufton, Andrea DeGiorgi, Müge Durusu-Tanrıöver, Carmen Esposito, Bettina Fischer-Genz, João Fonte, Hermann Genz, Ana Konestra, Giulio Lucarini, Alfredo Mayoral, Josep M. Palet, Joanne Rowland, Livia Tirabassi, and Peter van Dommelen. Sam Wege provided support as a research assistant on matters of databases and bibliography. We thank all of our colleagues who participated in or provided feedback on the survey of surveys, which provided rich data and insights for this paper (see Online Resource 2 and https://www.fieldwalker.org/). We are grateful to the editorial team of Journal of Archaeological Research, Stephen Kowalewski, and five additional anonymous reviewers for the invaluable feedback they provided. Inevitably there are omissions of projects, concepts, and bibliography in an ever-growing corpus of Mediterranean surveys. We hope that scholars will help rectify such omissions by sharing information about their projects and their work through online databases like Fasti and https://www.fieldwalker.org/. All shortcomings in the present article remain our own. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. H2020-MSCA-IF-2018 840892.
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Knodell, A.R., Wilkinson, T.C., Leppard, T.P. et al. Survey Archaeology in the Mediterranean World: Regional Traditions and Contributions to Long-Term History. J Archaeol Res 31, 263–329 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-022-09175-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-022-09175-7