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Marine conditions in Andaman Sea shape the unique genetic structure of Sargassum plagiophyllum C. Agardh

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Abstract

The Andaman Sea-Malacca Strait is an area with high maritime complexity and rich seaweed biodiversity. The brown seaweed Sargassum plagiophyllum C.Agardh occurs abundantly in the intertidal in the area. However, its population genetics has not been studied. Here, we used the nuclear Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 of the ribosomal cistron ITS2 and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene cox1 as genetic markers to determine the population genetic structure along the entire west coast of Thailand. A total of 351 individuals from the ten populations were genotyped. Nine different cox1 haplotypes and 17 different ITS2 ribotypes were found. Generally, S. plagiophyllum populations were found to have low genetic diversity. Two lineages were found based on ITS2 and two cryptic diversities were inferred from cox1 data. Most individuals belonged to the one single ribotype and haplotype. Ocean currents are believed to influence the S. plagiophyllum distributions and connectivity between populations. Higher phosphate concentrations during the northeast monsoon season could promote its growth and propagation. Our study suggested that the temporal and spatial transformation of the marine environment in the Andaman Sea influences the distribution, biomass, and population genetic structure of S. plagiophyllum, our results are beneficial for the management of seaweed resources.

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Data availability

The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found below:

https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/genbank/, MW077513.1;

https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/genbank/, KR132242.1;

https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/genbank/, KT276514.1;

https://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/genbank/, JX220901.1;

https://data.marine.copernicus.eu/product/GLOBAL_MULTIYEAR_PHY_001_030/description; https://data.marine.copernicus.eu/product/GLOBAL_MULTIYEAR_BGC_001_029/description.

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB42030203), and the Asia Collaboration Project on Development of Ecological Marine Ranching, and the Thailand Research Fund (RDG6130002). We thank Drs. Pongparadon S for providing some samples and advice for the study.

Funding

This research was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB42030203), Asia Collaboration Project on Development of Ecological Marine Ranching, and Thailand Research Fund (RDG6130002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China

    Yude Lin

  2. Key Lab of Breeding Biotechnology & Sustainable Aquaculture, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Yude Lin, Jie Zhang, Yuqun Du, Shuangshuang Zhang & Delin Duan

  3. Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Yude Lin, Jie Zhang, Yuqun Du, Shuangshuang Zhang & Delin Duan

  4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Yuqun Du, Shuangshuang Zhang & Delin Duan

  5. Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Li Liu

  6. Excellence Centre for Biodiversity of Peninsular Thailand, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand

    Stefano G. A. Draisma

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  1. Yude Lin
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Contributions

LYD, ZJ, SGAD, DDL conceived and designed the project. SGAD provided samples. LYD, ZSS, DYQ performed the molecular experiments and analyzed. LL mapped and analyzed the ocean currents and other environmental factors. ZJ, SGAD and DDL revised the manuscript. All authors discussed the results and approved the final version of this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Delin Duan.

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Lin, Y., Zhang, J., Du, Y. et al. Marine conditions in Andaman Sea shape the unique genetic structure of Sargassum plagiophyllum C. Agardh. J Appl Phycol 36, 501–511 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-023-03144-3

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