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A review of the representative microalgal-derived reactive oxygen species: Possible formation, ecophysiological implications, and metabolomic-based evaluations

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Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in regulating cell division and differentiation. However, a much uncertainty exists around the ecophysiological functions played by the extracellular ROS produced by the microalgae, and strategies for gaining a better understanding of the microalgae-induced stresses on the environment are just beginning to emerge. The scope and objective of this study was to provide an overview of microalgae-derived extracellular ROS generation, the subcellular processes, and roles of extracellular ROS. In addition, our goal was to present a thorough and current review of microalgae-derived extracellular ROS and metabolomics-based evaluation of its influences to identify relevant biochemical indicators that may be utilized for monitoring risk. The findings showed that microalgae have a wide range of cell-normalized rates of extracellular ROS production. The possible ecophysiological roles of extracellular ROS generation in microalgae include biotoxicity/growth stimulation, allelopathy, and iron acquisition. Currently, much variability is seen among the analytical methods used and identified effective data reported in numerous studies on the ecotoxicological dynamics of microalgae-derived extracellular ROS. An urgent need exists for a study that employs interdisciplinary methods such as “multi-omic” approaches to identify biomarkers that may be utilized for monitoring ecological risk. The forthcoming insights into the basis of extracellular ROS production would help reveal the ecophysiological significance of microalgae-derived extracellular ROS in natural aquatic systems. The significance of these findings can be clarified by combined the results with high-performance analytical methods for the direct quantification of extracellular ROS dynamics.

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This work was supported by research fund of Chungnam National University.

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    Minh Kim Nguyen & Hyung Min Kim

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M.K.N.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Formal analysis, and Writing—original draft. M.K.N.; H.-M.K.: Writing—review & editing. M.K.N.: Visualization. H.-M.K.: Supervision. M.K.N.; H.-M.K.: Final approval of manuscript.

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Nguyen, M.K., Kim, H.M. A review of the representative microalgal-derived reactive oxygen species: Possible formation, ecophysiological implications, and metabolomic-based evaluations. J Appl Phycol 36, 129–154 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-023-03132-7

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