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Metabarcoding analysis of the composition and spatial–temporal dynamics of Pseudo-nitzschia species in Jiaozhou Bay, China

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Abstract

Pseudo-nitzschia is a species-rich genus with many species able to induce harmful algae blooms (HABs) associated with the toxin, domoic acid (DA), production. Despite their high diversity revealed by taxonomical studies, the composition and spatial–temporal dynamics of Pseudo-nitzschia species in marine ecological systems are often inadequately resolved due to the insufficient resolution associated with morphology-based approaches applied in ecological studies. In this study, metabarcoding analysis was applied to identify Pseudo-nitzschia species and track their spatial–temporal dynamics in Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), a model marine ecosystem located in Qingdao, China. This metabarcoding analysis potentially uncovered 18 Pseudo-nitzschia species, including three Pseudo-nitzschia species identified in JZB in previous microscopy-based studies, four Pseudo-nitzschia species (P. micropora, P. multistriata, P. galaxiae, and P. fraudulenta) that have not been identified in JZB, and 11 potential Pseudo-nitzschia species whose molecular marker sequences are identical, demonstrating the strength of metabarcoding analysis in ecological research. Furthermore, this metabarcoding analysis also revealed differential spatial–temporal dynamics of many Pseudo-nitzschia species. While P. galaxiae was found to show a strong preference for summer months, P. pungens showed relatively high abundance in later summer and early autumn, P. delicatissima and P. multistriata showed higher abundance in autumn and winter, and P. micropora was more common in July. To ascertain driving forces for such differential seasonal preferences, we evaluated the impact of environmental factors on the spatial–temporal preferences of the Pseudo-nitzschia species, which revealed that temperature and other factors together contributed to the differential dynamic changes. This study demonstrated that metabarcoding analysis is an effective approach for tracking the composition and spatial–temporal dynamics of Pseudo-nitzschia species in marine ecological systems.

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Data availability

The sequencing results (raw data) have been submitted to NCBI, and the BioProject numbers are PRJNA577777 and PRJNA733859.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to colleagues from the Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station for the opportunity to participate in the investigation expeditions. Data analysis was supported by Oceanographic Data Center, IOCAS.

Funding

This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (42176162, 41906118), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB42000000), the Chinese Academy of Sciences Pioneer Hundred Talents Program (to Nansheng Chen), the Taishan Scholar Project Special Fund (to Nansheng Chen), the Qingdao Innovation and Creation Plan (Talent Development Program—5th Annual Pioneer and Innovator Leadership Award to Nansheng Chen, 19–3-2–16-zhc), and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).

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  1. Ziyan He, Shuya Liu these authors contributed equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Ziyan He, Shuya Liu, Zongmei Cui & Nansheng Chen

  2. Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China

    Ziyan He, Shuya Liu, Zongmei Cui, Yongfang Zhao & Nansheng Chen

  3. College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10039, China

    Ziyan He

  4. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Ziyan He, Shuya Liu, Zongmei Cui, Yongfang Zhao & Nansheng Chen

  5. Jiaozhou Bay National Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Yongfang Zhao

  6. Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada

    Nansheng Chen

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Contributions

Z.H. ,S.L. and N.C. designed the research. Z.H. drafted the manuscript. N.C. revised the manuscript. S.L., Z.C. and Y.Z. assisted with the samples collection. Z.H. and S.L. conducted the data analysis. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nansheng Chen.

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He, Z., Liu, S., Cui, Z. et al. Metabarcoding analysis of the composition and spatial–temporal dynamics of Pseudo-nitzschia species in Jiaozhou Bay, China. J Appl Phycol 36, 259–272 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-023-03127-4

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