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Unlocking the full potential of the red seaweed Gelidium corneum: Beyond its use as an agar source

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Abstract

Gelidium corneum (Hudson) J.V.Lamouroux is known for its economic value and wide-scale commercial exploitation across diverse geographical regions, including the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean, and Pacific Ocean. Until today, this economic exploitation is mainly focused on the extraction of agar, agarose production, and subsequent commercialization. Nevertheless, this red algae presents a wide range of other high-value products, such as polyphenolic compounds, phycobiliproteins, carotenoids, and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), which have the potential to improve the economic viability of a biorefinery approach. Moreover, these compounds exhibit health-promoting properties and offer various commercial and industrial applications. Thus, the present review provides the state of the art of the full valorization of the red algae G. corneum. First, a description of the chemical composition of G. corneum, namely macromolecules and secondary metabolites, is done to identify the compounds that will maximize the value of this algal biomass. Then, the health benefits and biological activities of G. corneum extracts are reported, and finally, a biorefinery perspective is discussed. This review may assist industries and researchers in further developing innovative and efficient processes for utilizing G. corneum biomass to produce food, feed, and bio-based products.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Local Fishery Committee, the CIDPMEM 64-40, for their support.

Funding

This work was carried under the framework of E2S UPPA Partnership Chair MANTA (Marine Materials) funded by the ‘Investissements d’Avenir’ French program managed by ANR, grant number #ANR-16-IDEX-0002; by the Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine and by the Communautéd’Agglomération du Pays Basque (France); and by the FLAG “Côte Basque-Sud Landes” through the community-led local development (CLDD: ref number #PFEA621219CR0720024) program funded by the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF).

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  1. Natalia Castejón

    Present address: Department for Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université de Pau Et Des Pays de L‘ Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, 64600, Anglet, France

    Natalia Castejón, Amandine Adrien, Lea Spitzer & Susana C. M. Fernandes

  2. MANTA - Marine Materials Research Group, Université de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour, E2S UPPA, 64600, Anglet, France

    Natalia Castejón, Amandine Adrien, Lea Spitzer & Susana C. M. Fernandes

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Conceptualization: Natalia Castejón and Susana C. M. Fernandes; Writing—original draft preparation: Natalia Castejón; Writing—review and editing: Natalia Castejón, Amandine Adrien, Lea Spitzer and Susana C. M. Fernandes; Funding acquisition: Susana C. M. Fernandes.

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Castejón, N., Adrien, A., Spitzer, L. et al. Unlocking the full potential of the red seaweed Gelidium corneum: Beyond its use as an agar source. J Appl Phycol 36, 291–311 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-023-03115-8

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