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Nannochloropsis sp. ethanol extract prevents macrophage and LDL oxidation and enhances PON1 activity through the principal active compound lyso-diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine (lyso-DGTS)

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Abstract

Oxidation of macrophages and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a role in atherogenesis, whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and its associated protein paraoxonase1 (PON1) contribute to antiatherogenic activities. Microalgae are a food source with a high content of antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids. In this study, the potential role of extracts of the microalga Nannochloropsis sp. and isolated components in decreasing atherosclerosis risk was examined. A 70% ethanol–water extract of Nannochloropsis sp. inhibited macrophage and LDL oxidation, increased PON1 activity, and protected it from the deleterious effects of linoleic acid hydroperoxide in a dose-dependent manner. The compound responsible for increasing PON1 activity was isolated and its structure was elucidated as the (C20:5,0) lyso-diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine (lyso-DGTS) lipid. We suggest that the 70% ethanol–water extract of Nannochloropsis sp. has beneficial effects on decreasing atherosclerotic risk, and that the molecular structure of the active compound that increased lactonase PON1 activity was lyso-DGTS.

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Funding

This research was supported by the Chief Scientist, Ministry of economy and industry, Israel.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oxidative Stress and Human Diseases, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, P.O. Box 831, 11016, Kiryat Shmona, Israel

    Soliman Khatib, Fadi Artoul, Irina Paluy, Larisa Boluchevsky, Emma Kvitnitsky & Jacob Vaya

  2. Tel-Hai College, 12210, Upper Galilee, Israel

    Soliman Khatib & Jacob Vaya

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  1. Soliman Khatib
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  2. Fadi Artoul
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  3. Irina Paluy
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  4. Larisa Boluchevsky
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  5. Emma Kvitnitsky
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  6. Jacob Vaya
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Correspondence to Soliman Khatib.

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Khatib, S., Artoul, F., Paluy, I. et al. Nannochloropsis sp. ethanol extract prevents macrophage and LDL oxidation and enhances PON1 activity through the principal active compound lyso-diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine (lyso-DGTS). J Appl Phycol 30, 1679–1689 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-017-1373-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-017-1373-2

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