Abstract
Upscaling of metal nanoparticle production through green pathways requires selection of a suitable candidate species, an appropriate and cost-effective bioreactor for the conversion of ionic form of metals to nanomaterials. With this perspective, the potential of a freshwater Chlorococcalean alga, Chlorella vulgaris, was investigated for silver nanoparticle production in a continuously stirred non-aerated culture assembly. The findings reveal that the alga can reduce the silver ions and remains viable at 10−3 M silver nitrate concentration. The nanoparticles produced were of polydisperse type with size range of 8–20 nm and mean size of 12.62 nm. Zeta potential of the particles was −16.48 mV indicating a moderate stability of nanoparticles in the environment. Fourier transform spectroscopy of the treated biomass showed the presence of carboxylic, alcohol, phenol, and hydroxyl groups other than aromatic functional groups. X-ray diffraction study showed the 2θ values 38.38° and 45.28° which correspond to (111) and (200) planes of face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure of metallic silver with d-spacing (A°) of 2.343. Overall information reported here will help in gaining a better insight into the potential of algae as a suitable material for green chemistry of metal nanoparticle synthesis.
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Acknowledgements
We are thankful to Dr. W.S. Lakra, Director, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, and to Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, for the support.
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Satapathy, S., Shukla, S.P., Sandeep, K.P. et al. Evaluation of the performance of an algal bioreactor for silver nanoparticle production. J Appl Phycol 27, 285–291 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-014-0311-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-014-0311-9