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References
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Acknowledgments
Special thanks to Lanna Cheng for her assistance in the writing of this article and for some of the photographs of Ralph Lewin. Arthur Nonomura also provided photographs. Rebecca Smith, Archives Assistant, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Archives provided assistance with the compilation of the list of publications of Ralph Lewin.
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Publications of Ralph A. Lewin
(Note: this list is not exhaustive and excludes a large number of book reviews, letters and some other miscellaneous publications)
Lewin, RA (1948). Biological flora of the British Isles. Sonchus L. J Ecol 36:203–224
Lewin, RA (1949a). Germination of zygospores in Chlamydomonas. Nature 164:543
Lewin, RA (1949b). Genetics of Chlamydomonas—paving the way. Biol Bull 97:243–244
Lewin, RA (1950a). Gamete behaviour in Chlamydomonas. Nature 166:76
Lewin, RA (1950b). Induced vitamin-requiring mutants of Chlamydomonas. Nature 166:196
Lewin, RA, Owen MJ, Melnick JL (1951). Cell-wall structure in Chlamydomonas. Exp Cell Res 2:708–710
Lewin, RA (1951). Isolation of sexual strains of Chlamydomonas. J Gen Microbiol 5:926–929
Lewin, RA (1952a). The primary zygote membrane in Chlamydomonas moewusii. J Gen Microbiol 6:249–250
Lewin, RA (1952b). Vitamin requirements in the Chlorococcales. Phycol Soc America Bull 5:21–22
Lewin, RA (1952c). Ultra-violet induced mutations in Chlamydomonas moewusii Gerloff. J Gen Microbiol 6:233–248
Lewin, RA (1952d). Studies on the flagella of algae. I. General observations on Chlamydomonas moewusii Gerloff. Biol Bull 10:74–80
Lewin, RA (1953a). Studies on the flagella of algae. II. Formation of flagella by Chlamydomonas in light and darkness. Ann NY Acad Sci 56:1091–1093
Lewin, RA (1953b). Konduto de seksceloj de Chlamydomonas. Esperanto 1953:73–74
Lewin, RA (1953c). The genetics of Chlamydomonas moewusii. J Genet 51:543–550
Lewin, RA, Meinhart, JO (1953). Studies on the flagella of algae. III. Electron micrographs of Chlamydomonas moewusii. Can J Bot 31:711–717
Lewin, RA (1954a). Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358–363
Lewin, RA (1954b). Sex in unicellular algae. In: Wenrich D (ed) Sex in microorganisms. Am. Assoc. Advan. Sci., Washington, D.C., pp 100–133
Lewin, RA (1954c). A marine Stichococcus which requires vitamin B12 (cobalamin). J Gen Microbiol 10:93–96
Lewin, RA (1954d). Studies on the flagella of algae. V. Mutants of Chlamydomonas moewusii with impaired motility. J Gen Microbiol 11:358–963
Lewin, RA (1954e). Utilization of acetate by wild-type and mutant Chlamydomonas dyosmos. J Gen Microbiol 11:459–471
Frenkel, AW, Lewin, RA (1954). Photoreduction of Chlamydomonas. Am J Bot 41:586–589
Mintz RH, Lewin, RA (1954). Studies on the flagella of algae. IV. Serology of paralyzed mutants of Chlamydomonas. Can J Microbiol 1:65–67
Lewin, RA (1955a). Flagella variations and enigmas. New Biol 19:29–50
Lewin, RA (1955b). Culture of Prasiola stipitata Suhr. Can J Bo 33:5–10
Lewin, RA, Mintz, RH (1955). Inhibitors of photosynthesis in Chlamydomonas. Arch Biochem Biophys 54:246–248
Lewin, RA (1956a). Extracellular polysaccharides of green algae. Can J Microbiol 2:665–672
Lewin, RA (1956b). Control of sexual activity in Chlamydomonas by light. J Gen Microbiol 15:170–185
Lewin, RA (1956c). Problems of sex in unicellular algae. Am Nat 90:331–332
Lewin, RA (1956d). The birds and the bees, and Chlamydomonas. Yale Sci Mag 31:321–327
Lewin, RA (1957a). Four new species of Chlamydomonas. Can J Bot 35:321–326
Lewin, RA (1957b). The zygote of Chlamydomonas. Can J Bot 35:795–804
Lewin, RA (1957c). Excretion of glycollic acid by Chlamydomonas. Bull Jap Soc Phycol 5:74–75
Lewin, JC, Lewin, RA, Philpott DE (1958). Observations on Phaeodactylum tricornutum. J Gen Microbiol 18:418–426
Lewin, RA (1958b). Esperanto and the scientist. North Am Esperanto Rev 6:6–7
Lewin, RA (1958c). The mucilage tubes of Amphipleura rutilans. Limnol Oceanogr 3:111–113
Lewin, RA (1958d). The isolation of algae. Rev Algol 4:181–197
Lewin, RA (1958e). The cell walls of Platymonas. J Gen Microbiol 19:87–90
Lewin, RA (1958f). If you ples. Science 127:1004
Gibbs, SP, Lewin, RA, Philpott, DE (1958). The fine structure of the flagellar apparatus of Chlamydomonas moewusii. Exp Cell Res 15:619–622
Lewin, RA (1958a). Genetics and marine algae. Perspectives in Marine Biology. University of California Press, Berkeley, pp 547–608
Lewin, RA (1959). Sex reversal in newborn babies. Lancet 7:518
Lewin, RA (1960). A device for obtaining mutants with impaired motility. Can J Microbiol 6:21–25
Lewin, RA, Frenkel, AW (1960). Difektita aŭtotrofo de mutaciita Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell Physiol 1:327–330
Jones, RF, Lewin, RA (1960). The chemical nature of the flagella of Chlamydomonas moewusii. Exp Cell Res 19:408–410
Lewin, JC, Lewin, RA (1960). Auxotrophy and heterotrophy in marine littoral diatoms. Can J Microbiol 6:127–134
Lewin, RA (1961a). Phytoflagellates and algae. In: Ruhland W (ed) Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie. Vol. 4. Springer, Berlin pp 401–417
Lewin, RA (1961b). Cyanidium caldiarium. A cryptococcalean? Phycol News Bull 14:6–7
Lewin, RA, Chow, TJ (1961). La enpreno de strontio en kokolitoforj. Plant Cell Physiol 2:203–208
Blanchard, RE, Lewin, RA, Philpott, DE (1961). Fine structure of sperm tails of isopods. Crustaceana 2:14–20
Jones, RF, Lewin, RA (1961). Nucleotides, amino acids and peptides in perchloric acid extracts of Chlamydomonas moewusii. Exp Cell Res 22:86–92
Lewin, RA (1962a). Saprospira grandis Gross; and suggestions for reclassifying helical, apochlorotic, gliding organisms. Can J Microbiol 8:555–563
Lewin, RA (ed) (1962b). Physiology and biochemistry of algae. Academic Press, NY. pp. 929
Lewin, RA (1962c). Antibiotics from algae. In: Lewin RA (ed) Physiology and biochemistry of algae. Academic Press, NY, pp 841–842
Lewin, RA (1963). Rod-shaped particles in Saprospira. Nature 198:103–104
Lewin, RA, Fox, DL (1963). A preliminary study of the carotenoids of some flexibacteria. Can J Microbiol 9:753–758
Correll, DL, Lewin, RA (1964). Rod-shaped ribonucleoprotein particles from Saprospira. Can J Microbiol 10:63–74
Lewin, RA, Crothers, DM, Correll, DL, Reimann, BE (1964). A phage infecting Saprospira grandis. Can J Microbiol 10:75–85
Lewin, RA (1964). La flageloj de algoj. Sienca Revuo 15:117–127
Lewin, RA (1965a). Freshwater species of Saprospira. Can J Microbiol 11:135–139
Lewin, RA (1965b). A matter of syntax. Science 147:357–358
Lewin, RA (1965c). Isolation and some physiological features of Saprospira thermalis. Can J Microbiol 11:77–86
Soriano, S, Lewin, RA (1965). Gliding microbes: some taxonomic reconsiderations. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 31:66–79
Holm-Hansen, O, Lewin RA (1965). Bound ornithine in certain flexibacteria and algae. Physiol Plant 18:418–4232
Holm-Hansen, O, Prasad, R, Lewin, RA (1965) Occurrence of diaminopimelic acid in algae and flexibacteria. Phycologia 5:1–14
Tonomura, B, Lewin RA (1965). Acid-soluble nucleotides of Chlamydomonas moewusii. Plant Cell Physiol 6:671–681
Lewin, RA, Kiethe, J (1965). Formation of raphidosomes in Saprospira. Can J Microbiol 11:935–938
Lewin, RA (1966a). A few phycological notes from the USSR. In: Watanabe A, Hattori A (eds) Cultures and collections of algae. Japanese Society of Plant Physiology, Hakone. pp 91–93
Lewin, RA (1966b). La Algoj. Sciencia Revuo 17:65–67
Lewin, RA (1966c). Apochlorotic cyanophytes and their allies. In: Watanabe A, Hattori A (eds) Cultures and collections of algae. pp 25–29
Lewin, RA (1966d). Kultivo de Zoochlorella arpartigia el spongio. Sciencia Revuo 17:33–36
Lewin, RA (1967). Classifying algae. Nature 217:312–313
Lewin, JC, Lewin, RA (1967). Culture and nutrition of some apochlorotic diatoms of the genus Nitzschia. J Gen Microbiol 46:361–367
Wu, JH, Lewin, RA, Werbin, H (1967). Photoreactivation of UV-irradiated blue-green algal virus LPP-1. Virology 31:657–664
Lewin, RA (1968a). Surteraj viva joj ankorau nekonataj. Sciencia Revuo 19:73–77
Lewin, RA (1968b). Biochemistry and physiology of algae: taxonomic and phylogenetic considerations. In: Jackson DF (ed) Algae, man and the environment. Syracuse University Press, pp 15–26
Reichle, RE, Lewin, RA (1968). Purification and structure of raphidosomes. Can J Microbiol 14:211–213
Lewin, RA (1969). A classification of flexibacteria. J Gen Microbiol 58:189–207
Lewin, RA, Lounsbery, DM (1969). Isolation, cultivation and characterization of flexibacteria. J Gen Microbiol 58:145–170
Mandel, M, Lewin, RA (1969). Deoxyribonucleic acid base composition of flexibacteria. J Gen Microbiol 58:171–178
Lewin, RA (1970a). Flexithrix dorotheae gen. et sp. nov. (Flexibacteriales); and suggestions for reclassifying sheathed bacteria. Can J Microbiol 16:511–515
Lewin, RA (1970b). New Herpetosiphon species (Flexibacteriales). Can J Microbiol 16:517–520
Lewin, RA (1970c). Toxin secretion and tail autotomy by irritated Oxynoe panamensis (Ophistobranchiata; Sacoglossa). Pac Sci 24:356–358
Lewin, RA (1970d). Extraterrestrial taxa. Use of Esperato for descriptions. Taxon 19:347–348
Lewin, RA (1970e). The Phycological Society, twenty-five years. BioScience 21:483–494
Lewin, RA (1970f). The aspiring eronaut. Science 168:653
Lewin, RA, Mandel, M (1970). Saprospira toviformis nov. soec. (Flexibacteriales) from a New Zealand Seashore. Can J Microbiol 16:507–510
Sanfilippo, A, Lewin, RA (1970). Preservation of viable flexibacteria at low temperatures. Can J Microbiol 16:441–444
Lewin, RA (1971a). Plethora of phycology journals. Science 173:981
Lewin, RA (1971b). Pollution is a dirty word. Nature 231:65
Lewin, RA, Robertson JA (1971). Influence of salinity on the form of Asterocystis in pure culture. J Phycol 7:236–238
Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1971). An interesting marine insect, Rheumatobates aestuarium (Heteroptera: Gerridae) from Baja California. Pac Insects 13:333–341
Lewin, RA (1972a). Growth and nutrition of Saprospira grandis Gross (Flexibacteriales). Can J Microbiol 18:361–365
Lewin, RA (1972b). Auxotrophy in marine littoral diatoms. In: Nisizawa K (ed) Proceedings of the Seventh International Seaweed Symposium, Sapporo, Japan. Halsted Press: NY, pp 316–318
Lewin, RA, Reed, IK (1972). Winnie-la-pu by A.A. Milne (translation from English to Esperanto). Dutton and Co, NY, pp 154
Lewin, RA, Nomura, T (1972). La Monumento Drew en Uto, Japanio. Sciencia Revuo 23:89–92
Neilson, AH, Holm-Hansen, O, Lewin, RA (1972). An obligately autotrophic mutant of Chlamydomonas dydsosmos: a biochemical elucidation. J Gen Microbiol 71:141–148
Neilson, AH, Blankley, WF, Lewin, RA (1973). Growth with organic carbon and energy sources. In: Stein JR (ed) Handbook of phycological methods. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 275–285
Ridgeway, HF, Lewin, RA (1973). Goblet-shaped sub-units from the wall of a marine gliding microbe. J Gen Microbiol 79:119–128
Woolery, ML, Lewin, RA (1973). Influence of iodine on growth and development of the brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus in axenic cultures. Phycologia 12:131–138
Lewin, RA (1974a). Flexibacter polymorphus, a new marine species. J Gen Microbiol 82:393–403
Lewin, RA (1974b). Genetic control of flagellar activity in Chlamydomonas moewusii (Chlorophyta, Volvocales). Phycologia 13:45–55
Lewin, RA (1974c). Enumeration of bacteria in seawater. Inte Rev Ges Hydrobiol 59:611–619
Lewin, RA (1974d). Biochemical taxonomy. In: Stewart WDP (ed) Algal physiology and biochemistry. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 1–39
Lewin, RA, Leadbetter, ER (1974). Genus III. Herpetosiphon Holt and Lewis 1968. Genus IV. Flexithrix Lewin 1970. Genus V. Saprospira Gross 1911; Lewin 1962 emend. In: Buchanan RE, Gibbons NE (eds) Bergey’s manual of determative bacteriology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 107–111
Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1974). Fluidisation as a feeding mechanisms in beach flies. Nature 250:167–168
Mague, TH, Lewin, RA (1974). Leucothrix: absence of demonstrable fixation of N2. J Gen Microbiol 85:365–367
Neilson, AH, Lewin, RA (1974). The uptake and utilization of organic carbon by algae: an essay in comparative biochemistry. Phycologia 13:227–264
Lewin, RA (1975a). A marine Synechocystis (Cyanophyta, Chroococcales) epizoic on ascidians. Phycologia 14:153–160
Lewin, RA (1975b). Sonchus L. In: Stace CA (ed) Hybridisation in the British flora. Academic Press, London. pp 266–267
Lewin, RA (1975c). A Chlamydomonas melanospra new species with black zygospores. Phycologia 14:71–74
Lewin RA (1975d) Labelling. Museum 27:90–91
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1975). Associations of microscopic algae with didemnid ascidians. Phycologia 14:149–152
Lewin, RA, Withers NW (1975). Extraordinary pigment composition of a prokaryotic alga. Nature 256:735–737
Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1975). Flatworms afloat. Nature 258:518–519
Dayton, L, Lewin, RA (1975). The effect of lead on algae. III. Effect of Pb on population growth curves in two-membered cultures of phytoplankton. Arch Hydrobiol, Suppl 49:25–36
Ridgeway, HF, Wagner, RM, Dawsey WT, Lewin, RA (1975). Fine structure of the cell envelope layers of Flexibacterium polymorphus. Can J Microbiol 21:1733–1750
Schulz-Baldes, M, Lewin, RA (1975). Manganese encrustation of zygospores of a Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta—Volvocales). Science 188:1119–1120
Lewin, RA (1976a). The genetics of algae. University of California Press, Berkeley, p 360
Lewin, RA (1976b). Naming the blue-greens. Nature 259:360
Lewin, RA (1976c). Prochlorophyta as a proposed new Division of algae. Nature 261:697–698
Lewin, RA, Woolery, ML (1976). The effects of lead on algae. IV. Effects of Pb on respiration and photosynthesis of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariopyceae). Wat Air Soil Poll 6:25–31
Blankley, WF, Lewin, RA (1976). Temperature responses of a coccolithophorid, Cricosphaera carterae, measured in a simple and inexpensive thermal-gradient device. Limnol Oceanogr 21:457–462
Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1976). Goose barnacles (Cirripeda; Thoracia) on flotsam beached at La Jolla, California. Fish Bull 74:212–217
Schulz-Baldes, M, Lewin, RA (1976a). Lead uptake in two marine phytoplankton organisms. Biol Bull 150:118–127
Schulz-Baldes, M, Lewin, RA (1976b). Fine structure of Synechocystis didemni (Cyanophyta: Chlorococcales). Phycologia 15:1–6
Lewin, RA (1977a). The use of algae as soil conditioners. CIBCASIO Trans 3:33–35
Lewin, RA (1977b). Prochloron, type genus of the Prochlorophyta. Phycologia 16:217
Cheng, L, Hodge, VF, Lewin, RA (1977). Polonium and plutonium in an intertidal food chain. Nature 269:795–796
Hellebust, JA, Lewin, J (1977). Heterotrophic nutrition. In: Werner D (ed) The biology of diatoms. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 169–197
Withers, NW, Vidaver W, Lewin RA (1978a). Pigment composition, photosynthesis and fine structure of a non-blue-green prokaryotic algal symbiont (Prochloron sp.) in a didemnid ascidian from Hawaiian waters. Phycologia 17:167–171
Withers, NW, Alberte RS, Lewin RA, Thonbeer JP, Britton G, Goodwin TW (1978b). Photosynthetic unit size, carotenoids, and chlorophyll-protein composition of Prochloron sp., a prokaryotic green alga. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 75:2301–2305
Lewin RA (1978). The biology of algae and other verses. Boxwood Press, Pacific Grove, Calif. p 103
Lewin, RA, Enright, JE (1978). Browsers and their browse. Nature 276:445
Lewin, RA, Fogg, GE (1978). Typification of microorganisms: a proposal. Taxon 27:121–132
Lewin, RA, Robinson, PT (1979). The greening of Polar Bears in zoos. Nature 278:445–447
Lewin, RA (1979a). Distribution of symbiotic didemnids associated with prochlorophytes. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Marine Biogeography and Evolution (Auckland, July 1978). pp 365–369
Lewin, RA (1979b). Formal taxonomic treatment of cyanophytes. Int J Syst Bact 29:411–412
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L, Lafargue, F (1980). Prochlorophytes in the Caribbean. Bull Mar Sci 30:744–745
Lewin, RA (1980). Uncoiled variants of Spirulina platensis (Cyanophyceae: Oscillatoriaceae). Arch Hydrobiol Suppl. Algol Stud 26:48–52
Lewin, RA (1981a). The prochlorophytes. In: Starr MP, Stolp H, Trüper A, Balows A, Schlegel HG (eds) The Prokaryotes. A handbook on habitats, isolation, and identification of bacteria. Springer, Berlin, pp 257–266
Lewin, RA (1981b). Prochloron and the theory of symbiogenesis. Ann NY Acad Sci 361:325–329
Lewin, RA (1981c). What languages do phycologists read? Phycologia 20:219–221
Lewin, RA (1981d). Three species concepts. Taxon 30:609–613
Lewin, RA, Farnsworth, PA, Yamanaka, G (1981). The algae of green Polar bears. Phycologia 20:303–314
Lewin, RA, Jordan, DK (1981). The predominance of English and the potential use of Esperanto for abstracts of scientific articles. In: Kageyama M, Nakamura K, Oshima T, Uchida T (eds) Science and scientists: essays by biochemists, biologists and chemists. Japan Scientific Societies, Tokyo, pp 433–441
Birkeland, C, Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1981). Motility of didemnid ascidean colonies. Bull Mar Sci 31:170–173
Pardy, RL, Lewin RA (1981). Colonial ascidians with prochlorophyte symbionts: evidence from translocation of metabolites from alga to host. Bull Mar Sci 31:817–823
Lewin, RA (1982a). A new kind of motility mutant (non-gliding) in Chlamydomonas. Experientia 38:348–349
Lewin, RA (1982b). Microbial galley slaves. Nature 300:479–480
Lewin, RA (1982c). Symbiosis and parasitism—definitions and evaluations. BioScience 32:254, 256–260
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1982). Marine biology on Palau. Science 217:886
Lewin, RA, Lee, TH, Fang, LS (1982). Effects of various agents on flagellar activity, flagellar autotonomy and cell viability in four species of Chlamydomonas. Symp Soc Exp Biol 35:421–437
Lewin, RA, Gibbs, SP (1982). Algae of uncertain taxonomic position: introduction and bibliography. In: Rosowski JR, Parker BC (eds) Selected Papers in Phycology II. Phycological Society of America Inc., pp 659–662
Kremer, BP, Pardy, RL, Lewin, RA (1982). Carbon fixation and photosynthates of Prochloron, a green alga symbiotic with an ascidian, Lissoclonum patella. Phycologia 21:258–263
Pardy, RL, Lewin, RA, Lee, K (1982). The Prochloron symbiosis. In: Goff LJ (ed) Algal symbiosis: a continuum of interaction strategies. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 91–96
Lewin, RA (1983a). The problems of Prochloron. Annal Microbiol B 134:37–41
Lewin, RA (1983b). Phycotechnology—how microbial geneticists might help. BioScience 33:177–179
Lewin, RA (1983c). Humour in the scientific literature. BioScience 33:266–268
Lewin, RA (1983d). Evidence for post-zygotic lag in Chlamydomonas moewusii. Experientia 39:612–613
Lewin, RA, Friend, A (1983). The biology of women and other animals. Boxwood, Pacific Grove, California
Lewin, RA, Burrascano C (1983). Another new kind of Chlamydomonas mutant, with impaired flagellar autotomy. Experientia 39:1397–1398
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L, Alberte, RS (1983). Prochloron–Ascidian symbioses: photosynthetic potential and productivity. Micronesica 19:165–171
Coleman, AW, Lewin, RA (1983). The disposition of DNA in Prochloron. Phycologia 22:209–212
Fall, R, Lewin RA, Fall LR (1983). Intracellular coagulation inhibits the extraction of proteins from Prochloron. Phytochemistry 22:2365–2368
Ridgway, HF, Lewin, RA (1983). Subunit composition of goblet-shaped particles from the cell wall of Flexibacter polymorphus. Can J Microbiol 29:1689–1693
Lewin, RA (1984a). Culture and taxonomic status of Chlorochytrium lemnae, a green algal endophyte. Br Phycol J 19:107–116
Lewin, RA (1984b). Prochloron: a status report. Phycologia 23:203–208
Lewin, RA (1984c). Chlamydomonas sajao nov. sp. (Chlorophyta, Volvocales). Chin J Oceanol Limnol 2:92–96
Lewin, RA, Barrasco, C, Cheng, L (1984). Some picoplankton algae from the Caribbean region. Solar Energy Research Institute, Report SERI/SP-231–3071: 105–121
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1984). The Micro–algae Culture Centre (MACC), Qingdao, China. Phycologia 23:255
Lewin, RA, Cheng L, Matta J (1984). Diurnal rhythm in the cell-division frequency of Prochloron (Prochlorophyta) in nature. Phycologia 23:505–507
Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1984). Prochloron on Synaptula. Bull Mar Sci 35:95–98
Hutchinson, I, Colosi, J, Lewin, RA (1984). The biology of Canadian weeds. 63. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill and S. oleraceus L. Can J Plant Sci 64:731–744
Li, MG, Bian, BZ, Lewin, RA, Cheng, L, Pan, ZN (1984). Laboratory culture of a new species of planktonic blue-green alga, Trichodesmium maccii, from the Qingdao Coast, China. J Shandong Coll Oceanol 14:93–101
Paerl, HW, Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1984). Variations in chlorophyll and carotenoid pigmentation among Prochloron (Prochlorophyta) symbionts in diverse marine ascidians. Bot Mar 27:257–264
Lewin, RA (1985a). The (relatively) compleat snorkeler and swamp stalker. Bull Amer Littoral Soc 15:17–20
Lewin, RA (1985b). Suggesting a new nominal unit to express light fluxes of photosynthetically active radiation. Nature 316:582
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L, Alberte, RS (1985). Ecology of Prochloron, a symbiotic alga in ascidians of coral reef areas. Proc 5th Internat Coral Reef Congr 5:95–101
Lewin, RA, Lee, KW (1985). Autotomy of algal flagella; electron microscope studies of Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyceae) and Tetraselmis (Prasinophyceae). Phycologia 24:311–316
Barclay, WR, Lewin, RA (1985). Microalgal polysaccharide production for the conditioning of agricultural soils. Plant Soil 88:159–169
Lewin, RA (1986). The phylogeny of Prochloron. Giorn Bot Ital 120:1–14
Alberte, RS, Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1986). Photosynthetic characteristics of Prochloron sp./ascidian symbioses I. Light and temperature responses of the algal symbiont of Lissoclinum patella. Mar Biol 90:575–587
Huber, ME, Lewin, RA (1986). An electrophoretic survey of the genus Tetraselmis (Chlorophyta, Prasinophyceae). Phycologia 25:205–209
Huber, ME, Wright, WG, Lewin, RA (1986). Divalent cations and flagellar autotomy in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Volvovales, Chlorophyta). Phycologia 25:408–411
Zmarzly, DL, Lewin, RA (1986). Carbon requirements for autotomy or retention of flagella by the marine alga Tetraselmis subcordiformis (Wille) Hazen (Prasinophyceae, Chlorophyta). Phycologia 25:575–579
Lewin, RA (1987a). The biology of algae and diverse other verses. Boxwood Press, Pacific Grove, Calif., p 191
Lewin, RA (1987b). Why are cows not green? Nature 316:743
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1987). La kultivo de unucelaj algoj kiuj sintezas uzeblajn produktajojn. Tutmondaj Sciencoj kaj Teknikoj 1:28–29
Alberte, RS, Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1987). Characteristics of Prochloron/ascidian symbioses. Photosynthesis/irradiance relationships and carbon balance of associations from Palau, Micronesia. Symbiosis 4:147–170
Foss, P, Lewin, RA, Liaaen-Jensen, S (1987). Algal carotenoids 37. The carotenoids of Prochloron sp. (Prochlorophyta). Phycologia 26:142–144
Haxo, FT, Lewin, RA, Lee, KW, Li, MR (1987). Fine structure and pigments of Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) aff. thiebautii (Cyanophyta) in culture. Phycologia 26:443–456
Huber, ME, Lewin, RA (1987). Ethanol-induced flagellar autotomy in Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher (Chlorophyta: Volvocales). Phycologia 26:138–141
Lewin, RA (1988a). Making mutants and influencing genes—the genetic exploitation of algae and cyanobacteria. In: Rogers LJ, Gallon J (eds) Biochemistry of the algae and cyanobacteria. Oxford University Press, NY: pp 351–360
Lewin, RA (1988b). How to make algae make more oil. Appl Phycol Forum 5:3–4
Lewin, RA (1988c). When is an animal a plant? Aust Nat Hist 400–401
Lewin, RA (1988d). Algae and fungi, kingdoms and trees. Brit Phycol Soc Newslet 25:4–5
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1989). Some lipogenic, eukaryotic picopleuston algae from the Caribbean region. Phycologia 28:96–108
Barclay, W, Wyman, C, Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1988). Development of microalgal systems for the production of liquid fuels. In: Stadler T, Mollion J, Verdus MC, Karamanos Y, Morvan H, Christiaen D (eds) Algal biotechnology. Elsevier Applied Science, London, pp 55–64
Ridgway, HF, Lewin, RA (1988). Characterization of gliding motility in Flexibacter polymorphus. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 11L46–63
Lewin, RA (1989a). Group II. Order Prokariales Lewin 1977. In: Staley JT (ed) Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 3. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 1799–1802
Lewin, RA (1989b). Eksperimenta fikologio kaj la uzebleco de unucclaj algoj. Science Revuo 40:2–7
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (eds) (1989a). Prochloron: a microbial enigma. Chapman & Hall, NY. pp 129
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1989b). Introduction. In: Lewin RA, Cheng L (eds) Prochloron: a microbial enigma. Chapman & Hall, NY, pp 1–7
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1989c). Collection and handling of Prochloron and its hosts. In: Lewin RA, Cheng L (eds) Prochloron: a microbial enigma. Chapman & Hall, NY, pp 10–18
Stam, WT, Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1989). DNA conservation for taxonomic studies. J Phycol 25:615–616
Lewin, RA (1990a). Calcification of cell walls of Chlamydomonas (Volvocales, Chlorophyta) on agar media. Phycologia 29:536–540
Lewin, RA (1990b). Phycotechnology yesterday today and tomorrow maybe. Bull Mar Sci 47:256–257
Lewin, RA (1991). History and biology of Dunaliella, and its prospects for biotechnology. Proceedings of the International Symposium of Biotechnology of Salt Ponds, September 1990, Tanggu, Tianjin, China. pp 1–5
Lewin, RA (1992a). What the haptonema is for. Nature 356:195–196
Lewin, RA (1992c). La evoluo de moneroj-kelkaj sciencaj aspektoj. Tutmondaj Sciencoj K Teknikoj 2:21–24
Lewin, RA (1992b). Intraterrestrial communication. Antenna 16:93–95
Lewin, RA (ed) (1993a). Origin of plastids: symbiogenesis, prochlorophytes, and the origin of plastids. Chapman & Hall, NY: p 393
Lewin, RA (1993b). La dektri Horlogoj (Translation from English into Esperanto of ‘The thirteen clocks’ by James Thurber). Bero, Berkeley, p 41
Lewin, RA (1993c). Waxy tea. Nature 366:637
Lewin, RA, Cheng, L (1993). Discovery, early history and phylogeny of Prochloron. Korean J Phycol 8:91–97
Lewin, RA (1994a). The cell sap of Prochloron (Prochlorophyta). Phycologia 33:71–76
Lewin, RA (1994b). Sol–gel changes in the protoplasm of prokaryotic algae. Algol Stud 74:67–71
Lewin, RA (1994c). Dictionary of microbial genetics: (Esperanto, Chinese, English) El Popola Cinio, Beijing. p 118
Lewin, RA (1995a). Bioconvection. Algol Stud 77:67–73
Lewin, RA (1995b). Symbiotic algae: definitions, quantification and evolution. Symbiosis 19:31–37
Honkanen, RE, Caplan, FR, Baker, KK, Baldwin, CL, Bobzin, SC, Bolis, CM, Cabrera, GM, Johnson, LA, Jung, JH, Larsen, LK, Levine, IA, Moore, RE, Nelson, CS, Patterson, GML, Tschappat, KD, Tuang, GD, Boynton, AL, Arment, AR, An J, Carmichael, WW, Rodland, KD, Magun, BE, Lewin, RA (1995). Protein phospatase inhibitory activity in extracts of cultures blue-green algae (Cyanophyta). J Phycol 31:478–486
Richens, RH, Fogg, GE, Lewin, RA (1995). Strictly marginal. British Phycological Society, Special Publication. pp 169
Wikfors, GH, Patterson, GW, Lewin, RA (1995). High-lipid Tetraselmis cultures support rapid growth of post-set oysters and scallops. J Shellfish Res 14:282
Wikfors, GH, Patterson, GW, Lewin, RA (1995). High-lipid Tetraselmis cultures support rapid growth of post-set oysters and scallops. J Shellfish Res 14:282
Lewin, RA, Newman, WA (1996). Species concepts: a conciliatory note. Nova Hedwigia, Beih 112:9–11
Hirose, E, Murayama T, Cheng L, Lewin RA (1996). Intracellular symbiosis of a photosynthetic prokaryote, Prochloron sp., in a colonial ascidian. Invert Biol 115:343–348
Wikfors, GH, Patterson, GW, Ghosh, P, Lewin, RA, Smith, BC, Alix, JH (1996). Growth of post-set oysters, Crassostrea virginica, on high-lipid strains of algal flagellates Tetraselmis spp. Aquaculture 143:411–419
Lewin, RA (1997a). Symbiotic algae and essential amino acids. Algol Stud 84:123–127
Lewin, RA (1997b). Saprospira grandis: a flexibacterium that can catch bacterial prey by ‘ixotrophy’. Microb Ecol 34:232–236
Hirose, E, Maruyama, T, Cheng, L, Lewin, RA (1998). Intra- and extra-cellular distribution of photosynthetic prokaryotes, Prochloron sp., in a colonial ascidian: ultratsructural and quantitative studies. Symbiosis 25:201–210
Lewin, RA (1999). Merde: excursions in scientific, cultural and socio-historical coprology. Random House, NY, p 187
Kline, TC, Lewin, RA (1999). Natural 15N/14N abundance as evidence for N2 fixation by Prochloron (Prochlorophyta) endosymbiotic with didemnid ascidians. Symbiosis 26:193–198
Shimada, A, Kanai, S, Lewin, RA, Maruyama, T (1999). Molecular phylogenetic relationship between Synechocystis trididemni and Prochloron didemni. Bull L’Oceanograph Monaco, Special 19:117–120
Lewin, RA (2000). Experimental phycology: some historic diversions and abberations. J Appl Phycol 12:197–200
Lewin, RA, Krienitz, L, Goericke, R, Takeda, H, Hepperle, D (2000). Picocystis salinarium gen. et sp. nov. (Chlorophyta)—a new picoplanktonic green alga. Phycologia 39:560–565
Lewin, RA (2001a). More on merde. Persp Biol Med 44:594–607
Lewin, RA (2001b). Why rename things? Nature 410:637
Lewin, RA (2002). Prochlorophyta—a matter of class distinctions. Photosynth Res 73:59–61
Lewin, RA (2003). Blue Green. In: Mekking S, van Dunne F (eds) Kluwer, Dordrecht. p 34
Shimada, A, Yano, N, Kanai, S, Lewin, RA, Maruyama, T (2003). Molecular phylogenetic relationship between two symbiotic photo-oxygenic prokaryotes, Prochloron sp. and Synechocystis tridemnii. Phycologia 42:193–197
Lewin, RA (2006). Black algae. J Appl Phycol 18:699–702
Lewin, RA, Borowitzka, MA (2006). Phycology. In:Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. Wiley, Chichester: pp 1–11. (electronic publication) doi:10.1038/npg.els.0004234
Lewin, RA (2007). Coastal soil algae of Canadian Arctic islands. Phycologist 72:36
All references to papers authored by Ralph Lewin are listed in the bibliography at the end of this article.
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Borowitzka, M.A. Ralph A Lewin (1921–2008). J Appl Phycol 21, 1–9 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-009-9413-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-009-9413-1