Skip to main content
Log in

Attachment Anxiety, Conflict Behaviors, and Depressive Symptoms in Emerging Adults’ Romantic Relationships

  • Published:
Journal of Adult Development Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The present study examined attachment anxiety, conflict behaviors (attacking and compromising), and depressive symptoms in a sample of 45 emerging adults ages 18–25 years (M = 19.51). Emerging adults’ romantic partners also participated in the study. In order to assess the study variables, emerging adults and their romantic partners completed self-report questionnaires. Using hierarchical regression analyses, a statistical model was tested wherein emerging adults’ depressive symptoms were regressed on their own and their partner’s attributes. Emerging adults’ own attachment anxiety and attacking behaviors and their romantic partner’s attacking behaviors, each explained significant portions of the variance in emerging adults’ depressive symptoms. Findings highlight the importance of considering the role of emerging adults’ and their romantic partners’ attributes in their depressive symptoms and offer important targets for therapeutic intervention.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Harper & Row.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowlby, J. (1969/1982). Attachment and Loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books.

  • Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation, anxiety, and anger. New York: Basic Books.

  • Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss: Vol. 3. Loss. New York: Basic Books.

  • Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G. W., & Harris, T. O. (1978). Social origins of depression. London: Tavistock and New York: Free Press.

  • Carnelley, K. B., Pietromonaco, P. R., & Jaffe, K. (1994). Depression, working models of others, and relationship functioning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 127–140.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cassidy, J. (1994). Emotion-regulation: Influences of attachment relationships. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59, 228–283.

  • Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, N. L. (1996). Working models of attachment: Implications for explanation, emotion, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 810–832.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 644–663.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davila, J., Steinberg, S. J., Kachadourian, L., Cobb, R., & Fincham, F. (2004). Romantic involvement and depressive symptoms in early and late adolescence: The role of a preoccupied relational style. Personal Relationships, 11, 161–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gjerde, P. F., & Westenberg, P. M. (1998). Dysphoric adolescents as young adults: A prospective study of the psychological sequelae of depressed mood in adolescence. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8, 377–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 511–524.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heene, E. L. D., Buysee, A., & Van Oost, P. (2005). Indirect pathways between depressive symptoms and marital distress: The role of conflict communication, attributions, and attachment style. Family Process, 44, 413–440.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hinchcliffe, M. K., Hooper, D., & Roberts, F. J. (1978). The melancholy marriage. Toronto: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobak, R. R., Sudler, N., & Gamble, W. (1991). Attachment and depressive symptoms during adolescence. Development and Psychopathology: Special Attachment and Developmental Psychopathology, 3, 461–474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewinsohn, P. M. (1974). A behavioral approach to depression. In R. J. Friedman & M. Katz (Eds.), The psychology of depression: Contemporary theory and research (pp. 112–139). Washington, DC: Winston-Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marchand, J. F., & Hock, E. (2000). Avoidance and attacking conflict-resolution strategies among married couples: Relations to depressive symptoms and marital satisfaction. Family Relations, 49, 201–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marchand, J. F., Schedler, S., & Wagstaff, D. A. (2004). The role of parents’ attachment orientations, depressive symptoms, and conflict behaviors in children’s externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 19, 449–462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muris, P., Meesters, C., van Melick, M., & Zwambab, L. (2001). Self-reported attachment style, attachment quality, and symptoms of anxiety and depression in young adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 809–818.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, G. M., & Beach, S. R. (1990). Sequential interaction in depression: Effects of depression behavior on spousal aggression. Behavior Therapy, 21, 167–182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Girgus, J. S. (1994). The emergence of gender differences in depression. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 424–443.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pielage, S. B., Luteijn, F., & Arrindell, W. A. (2005). Adult attachment, intimacy, and psychological distress in a clinical and community sample. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 12, 455–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reese-Weber, M., & Marchand, J. F. (2002). Family and individual predictors of late adolescents’ romantic relationships. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 31, 197–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rubenstein, J. L., & Feldman, S. S. (1993). Conflict-resolution behavior in adolescent boys: Antecedents and adaptational correlates. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 3, 41–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmaling, K. B., & Jacobson, N. S. (1990). Marital interaction and depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 229–236.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Umberson, D., & Williams, K. (1999). Family status and mental health. In C. S. Aneshensel & J. C. Phelan (Eds.), Handbook of the sociology of mental health (pp. 225–253). New York: Kluwer/Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Volling, B. L., Notaro, P. C., & Larsen, J. J. (1998). Adult attachment styles: Relations to emotional well-being, marriage, and parenting. Family Relations, 47, 355–367.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, S., Connolly, J., & Segal, Z. V. (2001). Intimacy in relationships and cognitive vulnerability to depression in adolescent girls. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25, 477–496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jennifer F. Marchand-Reilly.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Marchand-Reilly, J.F. Attachment Anxiety, Conflict Behaviors, and Depressive Symptoms in Emerging Adults’ Romantic Relationships. J Adult Dev 19, 170–176 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-012-9144-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-012-9144-4

Keywords

Navigation