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Comparison of the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 among Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams Syndrome in Japan

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Abstract

This study examined the similarities/differences between the social phenotypes of Williams syndrome (WS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As cultural norms may affect symptom evaluation, this study administered the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 to Japanese individuals with WS (n = 78, 4.4–44.0 years) and ASD (n = 75, 4.7–55.4 years). The scores for Social Motivation and Social Communication were significantly more severe in the ASD than WS group. Overall, the similarities and differences between the social phenotypes of the syndromes were consistent with the findings of a recent study conducted in the UK, except for the social awareness subscale score. This highlights the importance of cross-cultural investigations of WS and ASD.

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Data Availability and supporting materials

All data are available upon request.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Pfizer Health Research Foundation, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (Grant Numbers: 18H01103, 21K18554); and the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Grant Number: 15H01585) awarded to MH. RK received grants from the Mitsubishi Foundation, JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Numbers: 19K08251, 21H05326). The grant-giving institutions played no role in the design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in the writing of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cognitive and Psychological Sciences, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, 464-8601, Nagoya, Japan

    Masahiro Hirai

  2. Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan

    Masahiro Hirai

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan

    Masahiro Hirai, Takahiro Ikeda & Takanori Yamagata

  4. Faculty of Sociology, Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan

    Kosuke Asada

  5. Department of Pediatrics, Shiga Medical Center for Children, Moriyama, Shiga, Japan

    Takeo Kato

  6. Global Research Institute, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan

    Yoko Hakuno

  7. Department of Psychology, Senshu University, Kanagawa, Japan

    Ayaka Ikeda

  8. Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan

    Kanae Matsushima & Toshihiro Kato

  9. Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Tomonari Awaya, Masatoshi Hagiwara & Ryo Kimura

  10. Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Tomonari Awaya

  11. Department of Pediatric Neurology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan

    Shin Okazaki

  12. Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Yasuko Funabiki

  13. Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Toshiya Murai

  14. Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan

    Toshio Heike

  15. Todaiji Ryoiku Hospital for Children, Nara, Japan

    Kiyotaka Tomiwa

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  1. Masahiro Hirai
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Correspondence to Masahiro Hirai.

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Hirai, M., Asada, K., Kato, T. et al. Comparison of the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 among Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Williams Syndrome in Japan. J Autism Dev Disord (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05740-7

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