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Family-Centered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety in Very Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Abstract

To address the paucity of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) protocols available to treat anxiety in preschoolers with ASD, we piloted a family-centered CBT protocol in a series of 16 children aged 3–7 years with ASD and anxiety disorders and explored its feasibility and efficacy. Children were assessed at baseline, post-treatment (PT), and 4-month follow-up (FU) using diagnostic interviews and parent questionnaires. Fourteen children completed at least 10 sessions (mean 14). At PT, 81% were rated “very much-” or “much-improved” on the CGI-Anxiety. Children displayed significant decreases on clinician- and parent-rated anxiety, and improved family function and coping. Gains were maintained at FU. Parent–child CBT is feasible for young children with ASD plus anxiety that shows potential for similar efficacy as with neurotypical children.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by a Research Grant from the Deborah Munroe Noonan Memorial Research Fund. We acknowledge Melissa Schoeller and Anthony DeBenedetto for their assistance with the data collection and entry for this project.

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  1. Melanie Farkas Stark

    Present address: Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Developmental Medicine Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Katherine Driscoll

  2. Child Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 151 Merrimac Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Michael Schonberg, Melanie Farkas Stark & Dina Hirshfeld-Becker

  3. Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA, 02125, USA

    Alice S. Carter

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by KD and DHB. The first draft of the manuscript was written by KD, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Dr. Hirshfeld-Becker receives research funding from the NIH. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Driscoll, K., Schonberg, M., Stark, M.F. et al. Family-Centered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety in Very Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 50, 3905–3920 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04446-y

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