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Asperger Syndrome and Schizophrenia: A Comparative Neuropsychological Study

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Abstract

There has been an increasing interest in possible connections between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia in the last decade. Neuropsychological comparison studies have, however, been few. The present study examined similarities and differences in intellectual and executive functioning between adults with Asperger syndrome (AS) and adults with schizophrenic psychosis (SP). A group with AS and a group with SP were assessed neuropsychologically with WAIS-III and D-KEFS. Similarities were found between groups, as displayed by an uneven cognitive profile, limitations in working memory, processing speed and some aspects of executive functioning. Full Scale IQ was higher in the AS group. These results add to the current research illuminating similarities and differences between ASD and schizophrenia on a cognitive level.

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Acknowledgments

We thank all patients participating in our study, statistician Fredrik Lundin for his valuable help with statistics, and psychologists Irene Westlund, Magnus Segerström, Per-Nicklas Olofsson, Anna Göransson, Inga-lill Sverkström and Stina Sundin for neuropsychological assessments. This study was funded by County Council of Värmland, Sweden.

Author Contributions

MH, TL, CG and EB designed the study. TL, MH and psychologists mentioned under “acknowledgements” performed data collection. MM conducted statistical analysis and wrote the initial draft of the manuscript. EB has supervised the analysis and critically edited the manuscript. All authors have contributed to and approved the final manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Maria Marinopoulou, Tove Lugnegård, Maria Unenge Hallerbäck, Christopher Gillberg & Eva Billstedt

  2. County Council of Värmland, Neuropsychiatric Clinic, Central Hospital, 651 85, Karlstad, Sweden

    Maria Marinopoulou

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  1. Maria Marinopoulou
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Correspondence to Maria Marinopoulou.

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The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee in Uppsala, Sweden, and has been performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Marinopoulou, M., Lugnegård, T., Hallerbäck, M.U. et al. Asperger Syndrome and Schizophrenia: A Comparative Neuropsychological Study. J Autism Dev Disord 46, 2292–2304 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2758-9

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