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Long-Term Outcomes in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders in India

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Abstract

We investigated long-term outcomes in children with diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders based on Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS score). Information about outcomes such as speech, friendships and activities of daily living (ADLs) was collected through telephone-based interviews. Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-2 and Vineland Social Maturity Scale were used to assess level of functioning at follow-up. Parents of 80 [67 males, mean age 12 (3) years] children participated in the interview, 23 attended follow-up assessment. Sixty-four (80 %) were verbal, 34 (42.5 %) had need-based speech, 20 (25 %) had friends and 37 (46 %) had achieved age-appropriate ADLs. Median total follow-up period was 10 years. Lower disease severity, parent participation and higher maternal education were associated with better outcomes.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by National Health & Education Society, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai (Project No. 759-13-VPU). We are grateful to all families that participated in this study and thank them for their co-operation.

Author Contributions

DM participated in study design, collected, analyzed and interpreted data and drafted the manuscript. DB participated in study design, performed psychological tests and helped in drafting the manuscript. VU conceived the study, participated in its design and critically revised the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Veer Savarkar Marg, Mahim, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400016, India

    Dimpi Mhatre, Deepa Bapat & Vrajesh Udani

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  1. Dimpi Mhatre
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  2. Deepa Bapat
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  3. Vrajesh Udani
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Correspondence to Vrajesh Udani.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Appendix: Questionnaire for Telephone Based Interview

Appendix: Questionnaire for Telephone Based Interview

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Mhatre, D., Bapat, D. & Udani, V. Long-Term Outcomes in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders in India. J Autism Dev Disord 46, 760–772 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2613-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2613-4

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