Abstract
There is evidence of both immune dysregulation and autoimmune phenomena in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We examined the hormone/cytokine leptin in 70 children diagnosed with autism (including 37 with regression) compared with 99 age-matched controls including 50 typically developing (TD) controls, 26 siblings without autism, and 23 children with developmental disabilities (DD). Children with autism had significantly higher plasma leptin levels compared with TD controls (p < .006). When further sub-classified into regression or early onset autism, children with early onset autism had significantly higher plasma leptin levels compared with children with regressive autism (p < .042), TD controls (p < .0015), and DD controls (p < .004). We demonstrated an increase in leptin levels in autism, a finding driven by the early onset group.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported by NIEHS 1 P01 ES11269-01, the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) through the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program (Grant R829388), the UC Davis M.I.N.D. Institute, The Ted Lindsay Foundation, and Visceral. We would like to thank the staff of both the UC Davis M.I.N.D Institute and the CHARGE study for their technical support. The commitment of the families who took part in these studies, at both the M.I.N.D Institute and as part of the CHARGE study, is also gratefully acknowledged.
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Ashwood, P., Kwong, C., Hansen, R. et al. Brief Report: Plasma Leptin Levels are Elevated in Autism: Association with Early Onset Phenotype?. J Autism Dev Disord 38, 169–175 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0353-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0353-1