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Interactive Links Between Theory of Mind, Peer Victimization, and Reactive and Proactive Aggression

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Abstract

This study investigated the relation between theory of mind and reactive and proactive aggression, respectively, as well as the moderating role of peer victimization in this context. The 574 participants were drawn from a longitudinal study of twins. Theory of mind was assessed before school entry, when participants were 5 years old. Reactive and proactive aggression as well as peer victimization were assessed a year later in kindergarten. Results from multilevel regression analyses revealed that low theory of mind was related to a high level of reactive aggression, but only in children who experienced average to high levels of peer victimization. In contrast, a high theory of mind was related to a high level of proactive aggression. Again, this relation was especially pronounced in children who experienced high levels of peer victimization. These findings challenge the social skills deficit view of aggression and provide support for a multidimensional perspective of aggressive behavior.

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Acknowledgments

This research was made possible by grants from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the Fonds Concerté pour l’Aide à la Recherche, the Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Société et la Culture, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and the Fonds de Recherche en Santé du Québec. We thank the participating families, and the authorities and directors as well as the teachers of the participating schools. We also thank our statistical consultant Alain Girard, as well as Jacqueline Langlois and Helene Paradis for their assistance in data management and preparation, and Jocelyn Malo for coordinating the data collection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, CP 8888, succ. centre-ville, Montréal, QC, Canada, H3C 3P8

    Annie Renouf & Mara Brendgen

  2. Ste-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Annie Renouf, Mara Brendgen, Jean R. Séguin, Frank Vitaro, Michel Boivin, Richard E. Tremblay & Daniel Pérusse

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Jean R. Séguin

  4. School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Frank Vitaro

  5. Department of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada

    Michel Boivin & Ginette Dionne

  6. Departments of Psychology, and Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Richard E. Tremblay

  7. International Laboratory for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Development, INSERM U669, France and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Richard E. Tremblay

  8. School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    Richard E. Tremblay

  9. Department of Anthropology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Daniel Pérusse

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  1. Annie Renouf
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  2. Mara Brendgen
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Correspondence to Mara Brendgen.

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Renouf, A., Brendgen, M., Séguin, J.R. et al. Interactive Links Between Theory of Mind, Peer Victimization, and Reactive and Proactive Aggression. J Abnorm Child Psychol 38, 1109–1123 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-010-9432-z

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