Skip to main content
Log in

Evaluating strategic options using decision-theoretic planning

  • Published:
Information Technology and Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine whether decision-theoretic planning techniques can be used to help managers evaluate strategic options in complex and uncertain environments. Firms faced with choices such as whether to acquire a start-up, develop a new product, or invest in updated production technology continue to make decisions based on unreliable heuristics, “gut feel” or misleading financial measures such as net present value (NPV). In this paper we show that decision-theoretic planning techniques originally developed for robot planning permit us to gain the insights provided by real options analysis without working within the restrictions of models designed to price financial options or incurring the overhead of constructing huge decision trees. A biotechnology licensing problem similar to those addressed elsewhere in the real options literature is used to illustrate the methodology and demonstrate its feasibility.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R.L. Ackoff, Management misinformation systems, Management Science 14 (1967) B-147–B-156.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Anonymous, Keeping all options open, The Economist 352 (1999) 62.

  3. J.Y. Bakos and M.E. Treacy, Information technology and corporate strategy: A research perspective, MIS Quarterly 10 (1986) 107–119.

    Google Scholar 

  4. J.R. Bettman, E.K. Johnson, M.F. Luce and J.P. Wayne, Correlation, conflict, and choice, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 19 (1993) 931–951.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. M. Benaroch and R.J. Kauffman, A case for using real options pricing analysis to evaluate information technology project investments, Information Systems Research 10 (1999) 70–86.

    Google Scholar 

  6. C. Boutilier, T. Dean and S. Hanks, Decision-theoretic planning: structural assumptions and computational leverage, Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 11 (1999) 1–94.

    Google Scholar 

  7. E.H. Bowman and G.T. Moskowitz, Real options analysis and strategic decision making, Organizational Science 12 (2001) 772–777.

    Google Scholar 

  8. M.D. Cohen, J.G. March and J.P. Olsen, A garbage can model of organizational choice, Administrative Science Quarterly 17 (1972) 1–25.

    Google Scholar 

  9. T. Dean, L.P. Kaelbling, J. Kirman and A. Nicholson, Planning with deadlines in stochastic domains, in the proceedings of the Eleventh National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Washington, DC (1993).

  10. A.K. Dixit and R.S. Pindyck, Investment Under Uncertainty (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  11. R. Dearden and C. Boutilier, Abstraction and approximate decision theoretic planning, Artificial Intelligence 89 (1997) 219–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. L. Downes, Strategy can be deadly, The Industry Standard (2001).

  13. T.H. Davenport, J.G. Harris, D.W. De Long and A.L. Jacobson, Data to knowledge to results: building an analytic capability, California Management Review 43 (2001) 117–138.

    Google Scholar 

  14. K.M. Eisenhardt and M.J. Zbaracki, Strategic decision making, Strategic Management Journal 13 (1992) 17–37.

    Google Scholar 

  15. R.E. Fikes and N.J. Nilsson, STRIPS: a new approach to the application of theorem proving to problem solving, Artificial Intelligence 2 (1971).

  16. E.J. Farragher, R.T. Kleiman and A.P. Sahu, Current capital investment practices, The Engineering Economist 44 (1999) 137–150.

    Google Scholar 

  17. R. Garud and P.R. Nayyar, Transformative capacity: continual structuring by intertemporal technology transfer, Strategic Management Journal 15 (1994) 365–385.

    Google Scholar 

  18. C.W.L. Hill, Establishing a standard: competitive strategy and technological standards in winner-take-all industries, The Academy of Management Executive 11 (1997) 7–16.

    Google Scholar 

  19. P.G.W. Keen and M.S.S. Morton, Decision Support Systems: An Organizational Perspective (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1978).

    Google Scholar 

  20. D. Kahneman, P. Slovic and A. Tversky, Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  21. O. Kayaalp, Towards a general theory of managerial decisions: a critical appraisal, S.A.M. Advanced Management Journal 52 (1987) 36–42.

    Google Scholar 

  22. K.L. Kraemer, J.N. Danziger, D.E. Dunkle and J.L. King, The usefulness of computer-based information to public managers, MIS Quarterly 17 (1993) 129–148.

    Google Scholar 

  23. N. Khatri and H.A. Ng, The role of intuition in strategic decision making, Human Relations 53 (2000) 57–86.

    Google Scholar 

  24. D. Kellogg and J.M. Charnes, Real-options valuation for a biotechnology company, Financial Analysts Journal 56 (2000) 76–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. T.A. Luehrman, Investment opportunities as real options: getting started on the numbers, Harvard Business Review 76 (1998) 51–67.

    Google Scholar 

  26. D.M. Lander and G.E. Pinches, Challenges to the practical implementation of modeling and valuing real options, The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 38 (1998) 537–567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. C.H. Loch and K. Bode-Greuel, Evaluating growth options as sources of value for pharmaceutical research projects, R&D Management 38 (2001) 231–248.

    Google Scholar 

  28. J.G. March and H.A. Simon, Organizations (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1958).

    Google Scholar 

  29. B. Ives, M.H. Olson and J.J. Baroudi, The measurement of user information satisfaction, Communications of the ACM 26 (1983) 785–793.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. R.G. McGrath and I.C. MacMillan, Assessing technology projects using real options reasoning, Research Technology Management 43 (2000) 35–49.

    Google Scholar 

  31. P.C. Nutt, Making strategic choices, Journal of Management Studies 39 (2002) 67–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. M.L. Puterman, Markov Decision Processes: Discrete Stochastic Dynamic Programming (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  33. H. Raiffa, Decision Analysis: Introductory Lectures on Choices and Uncertainty (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1968).

  34. G.L. Sender, Option analysis at Merck, Harvard Business Review 72 (1994) 92.

    Google Scholar 

  35. P.P. Tallon, K.L. Kraemer and V. Gurbaxani, Executives' perceptions of the business value of information technology: a process-oriented approach, Journal of Management Information Systems 16 (2000) 1455–173.

    Google Scholar 

  36. L. Trigeorgis, Real Options: Managerial Flexibility and Strategy in Resource Allocation (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  37. P. Todd and I. Benbasat, The influence of decision aids on choice strategies: an experimental analysis of the role of cognitive effort, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 60 (1994) 36–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael Brydon.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Brydon, M. Evaluating strategic options using decision-theoretic planning. Inf Technol Manage 7, 35–49 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10799-006-5728-7

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10799-006-5728-7

Keywords

Navigation