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Evaluation of optical coherence tomography findings in patients with multiple sclerosis and glaucoma

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Abstract

Purpose

Glaucoma and multiple sclerosis (MS) can cause optic disc pathology and, in this way, affect optical coherence tomography (OCT) data. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the changes in the mean, quadrant, and sector data measured by OCT in glaucoma and MS patients.

Methods

The sample of this prospective cohort study consisted of 42 MS patients (84 eyes), 34 Primary open-angle glaucomas patients (67 eyes), and 24 healthy control subjects (48 eyes). The MS group was divided into two groups according to the presence of a history of optic neuritis. Accordingly, those with a history of optic neuritis were included in the MS ON group, and those without a history of optic neuritis were included in the MS NON group. The differences between these groups in the mean, quadrant, and sector data related to the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) were evaluated.

Results

Superior nasal (SN), superior temporal (ST), inferior nasal (IN), and superior quadrant (SUP) values were significantly lower in the glaucoma group than in the MS group (p < 0.05). The mean superior GCC (GCC SUP) value was significantly lower in the MS ON group than in the glaucoma group (p < 0.05). On the other hand, SN, ST, inferior temporal (IT), IN, average RNFL (AVE RNFL), semi-average superior RNFL (SUP AVE RNFL), semi-average inferior RNFL (INF AVE RNFL), SUP, and inferior quadrant RNFL (INF) values were significantly lower in the glaucoma group than in the MS NON group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

RNFL and GCC parameters get thinner in MS and glaucoma patients. While the inferior and superior RNFL quadrants are more frequently affected in glaucoma patients, the affected quadrants vary according to the presence of a history of optic neuritis in MS patients. It is noteworthy that the GCC superior quadrant was thin in MS ON patients. The findings of this study indicate that OCT data may be valuable in the differential diagnosis of glaucoma and MS.

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Funding

This research was supported by the University of Health Sciences Istanbul Training and Research Hospital.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Cerrahpasa NBHD, Org. Abdurrahman Nafiz Gurman Rd. Building Number:24, 34098, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey

    Furkan Uctepe, Pinar Orenc & Hulya Gungel

  2. Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ufuk Emre Toprak

Authors
  1. Furkan Uctepe
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  2. Pinar Orenc
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  3. Hulya Gungel
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  4. Ufuk Emre Toprak
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Furkan Uctepe, Pinar Orenc, Hulya Gungel, and Ufuk Emre Toprak. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Furkan Uctepe, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Furkan Uctepe.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Ethical approval

The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee of University of Health Sciences Istanbul Training and Research Hospital (Decision No: 93).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Uctepe, F., Orenc, P., Gungel, H. et al. Evaluation of optical coherence tomography findings in patients with multiple sclerosis and glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 44, 226 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-024-03099-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-024-03099-5

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