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Comparison in conjunctival-Tenon’s capsule thickness, anterior scleral thickness and ciliary muscle dimensions between Caucasians and Hispanic by optical coherence tomography

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the differences in the dimensions of the anterior ocular segment, and specifically in conjunctival-Tenon’s capsule thickness (CTT), anterior scleral thickness (AST) and ciliary muscle thickness (CMT), between Caucasian and Hispanic subjects using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Methods

Cross-sectional study including 53 Hispanic and 60 Caucasian healthy participants, matched by age, sex and refractive error, who underwent a complete ophthalmological examination. CTT, AST and CMT were manually measured in the temporal and nasal quadrants at 0, 1, 2 and 3 mm from the scleral spur using SS-OCT.

Results

Mean age and refractive error were 38.7 ± 12.3 years and −1.05 ± 2.6 diopters, and 41.8 ± 11.7 years and −0.50 ± 2.6 diopters for the Hispanic and Caucasians, respectively (p = 0.165 and p = 0.244). The CTT was increased in the temporal quadrant in the Hispanic group in the three studied regions (CTT1, CTT2 and CTT3; being the means 223.0 ± 68.4, 215.3 ± 66.4 and 203.8 ± 67.1 µm versus 190.8 ± 51.0, 189.4 ± 53.2 and 187.4 ± 55.3 µm respectively; p < 0.001). Larger AST values were observed in the temporal quadrant in the Hispanic group (AST2: 559.8 ± 80.8 µm and AST3: 591.6 ± 83.0 µm) compared to the Caucasian group (520.7 ± 50.1 and 558.9 ± 54.7 respectively; p ≤ 0.022). No differences were observed in the nasal quadrant for CTT, AST1 and AST3 (p ≥ 0.076). No differences emerged in the CM dimensions (p ≥ 0.055).

Conclusion

CTT and AST measurements were thicker in the temporal quadrant of Hispanic patients compared to Caucasians. This could have implications for the pathogenesis of different ocular diseases.

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Zurbano 71 Street, 28010, Madrid, Spain

    José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo, Susana Fernández-Aragón, Lucía De-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño & José Ángel Fernández-Vigo

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain

    José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo, Bárbara Burgos-Blasco, Fernando Ly-Yang & José María Martínez-de-la-Casa

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain

    Lucía De-Pablo-Gómez-de-Liaño

  4. Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Badajoz, Spain

    Ignacio Almorín-Fernández-Vigo

  5. Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain

    José Ángel Fernández-Vigo

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  1. José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by JIFV, SFA, BBB, FLY and LDPGL. IAFV, 4 JMMC, 2 JÁFV. The first draft of the manuscript was written by JIFV, SFA and BBB, and all the remaining authors (FLY and LDPGL, IAFV, JMMC and JÁFV) commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo.

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Fernández-Vigo, J.I., Fernández-Aragón, S., Burgos-Blasco, B. et al. Comparison in conjunctival-Tenon’s capsule thickness, anterior scleral thickness and ciliary muscle dimensions between Caucasians and Hispanic by optical coherence tomography. Int Ophthalmol 43, 3969–3977 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-023-02798-9

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