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Role of mucoadhesive agent in ocular delivery of ganciclovir microemulsion: cytotoxicity evaluation in vitro and ex vivo

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of the present study was to investigate increase in delivery of drug upon formulation as mucoadhesive microemulsion system and further to investigate possibility of any cytotoxic effects using such formulation.

Material and methods

Considering hydrophilic and small molecular nature of the drug, it was attempted to be formulated as microemulsion, by using pseudo ternary phase diagram method. Thus, three types of microemulsions were prepared; oil in water, water in oil type and chitosan-coated microemulsion. These microemulsions were characterized for several physicochemical properties like size, zeta potential, Polydispersity index, and compared for in vitro cell viability and ex vivo corneal irritation study.

Results

All three microemulsions were quite stable, transparent and homogenous systems. They showed similar drug release pattern, but highest ex vivo goat corneal permeation was observed with Chitosan coated microemulsion when compared with ganciclovir solution.

Conclusion

All microemulsions were found to be non-irritant in in vitro cell viability assay and ex vivo corneal irritation study, indicating the potential of using such systems for delivery of drug to eye.

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Funding

The corresponding author would like to thank, Department of Science and Technology and SERB (INSPIRE Grant No: IFA-LSBM-13 and EMR/2016/007966/HS) for project funds and Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizer for providing fellowship.

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Author notes

  1. Manju Misra

    Present address: Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technical University, Gandhinagar Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382028, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India

    Manisha Choudhari, Kritika Nayak, Dignesh Khunt & Manju Misra

  2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan

    Noriaki Nagai

  3. Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30, Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan

    Yosuke Nakazawa

  4. Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technical University, Gandhinagar Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382028, India

    Dignesh Khunt

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Contributions

MC: Conception, design of the work, acquisition and analysis of data, Initial draft preparation, data compilation. KN: Cell line experiments execution, Initial draft preparation, interpretation of results. NN and YN: Designing experimental studies, interpretation of histological data, technical inputs in drafting of manuscript. DK: Writing- Reviewing and Editing. MM: Concept design, interpretation, revision, and final approval for publication, accuracy integrity, accountability for publication.

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Correspondence to Manju Misra.

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Choudhari, M., Nayak, K., Nagai, N. et al. Role of mucoadhesive agent in ocular delivery of ganciclovir microemulsion: cytotoxicity evaluation in vitro and ex vivo. Int Ophthalmol 43, 1153–1167 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02514-z

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