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Coats disease in India: clinical presentation and outcome in 675 patients (690 Eyes)

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Abstract

Purpose

To study the clinical profile, treatment, and visual outcome of patients with Coats disease in India.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional, observational hospital-based study of patients diagnosed with Coats disease during a 10-year period using an electronic medical record system.

Results

We identified 675 patients with Coats disease with a prevalence rate of 0.025%. The mean age of the patients was 16.8 years (median, 12 years). Majority were males (75%) with unilateral presentation (98%) in first decade of life (n = 309, 46%). The most common presentation was foveal exudation (stage 2B, n = 161, 23.3%), followed by exudative retinal detachment—extrafoveal (stage 3A1, n = 143, 20.7%), and extrafoveal exudation (stage 2A, n = 136, 19.7%). Treatment modalities included observation (48 eyes, 17%), laser photocoagulation ± intravitreal bevacizumab/triamcinolone acetonide (n = 82, 29%), cryotherapy ± intravitreal bevacizumab/triamcinolone acetonide (n = 64, 23%), and surgical intervention (n = 86, 31%). Despite appropriate treatment, at mean follow-up of 16 months, there was no significant difference between presenting and final visual acuity (48% vs. 48%, p > 0.05). Using multivariate regression analysis, factors associated with poor visual outcome were younger age (< 0.001; − 0.02 to − 0.1), unilateral disease (0.04; − 0.68 to − 0.01), cataract (0.004; 0.13 to 0.69), retinal detachment (< 0.001; 0.49 to 0.82), and glaucoma (< 0.001; 0.34 to 0.94).

Conclusion

The most common clinical presentation of Coats disease in India is foveal exudation in first and second decade. At initial presentation, about half of the affected eyes had blindness and one-third underwent surgical intervention.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the support of our Department of eyeSmart EMR & AEye team specially Mr. Ranganath Vadapalli and Mr. Mohammad Pasha.

Funding

This work was supported by an unrestricted departmental grant from Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, Hyderabad, India.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Vishal Raval and Anthony Vipin Das have indicates equal contribution.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500034, India

    Phuntsho Dorji, Vishal Raval & Subhadra Jalali

  2. Department of Retina and Vitreous, KVC Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Vijayawada, India

    Niroj Sahoo

  3. Department of Retina and Vitreous, Mithu Tulasi Chanrai Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India

    Tapas Ranjan Padhi

  4. The Operation Eyesight, Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India

    Swathi Kaliki

  5. Department of eyeSmart EMR & AEye, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Anthony Vipin Das

  6. Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health and Economics Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Anthony Vipin Das

Authors
  1. Phuntsho Dorji
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  2. Vishal Raval
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Contributions

The corresponding author states that authorship credit of this manuscript was based on (1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and (3) final approval of the version to be published. All listed authors met conditions 1, 2, and 3. All persons designated as authors qualify for authorship, and all those who qualify are listed. Each author has participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vishal Raval.

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Conflict of interest

None.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at L V Prasad Eye Institute (Ethics Ref No. LEC-BHR-R-06-21-708).

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Dorji, P., Raval, V., Jalali, S. et al. Coats disease in India: clinical presentation and outcome in 675 patients (690 Eyes). Int Ophthalmol 43, 531–540 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02451-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02451-x

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