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The effect of different types of convergent strabismus on horizontal eye movements

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the effect of different types of convergent strabismus on horizontal eye movements and compare data with healthy control subjects.

Materials and methods

This prospective, cross-sectional study included 38 patients with convergent strabismus (16 fully accommodative, 13 partially accommodative and 9 non-accommodative esotropia) and 19 age-matched control subjects. All of the participants had a detailed ophthalmological examination including visual acuity assessment, cover-uncover prism test, slit lamp, and indirect ophthalmoscopy examination. Videonystagmography (VNG) was used for the evaluation of horizontal eye movements such as saccadic accuracy, velocity, latency, and smooth pursuit velocity gain.

Results

The saccadic accuracy in the rightward direction was lower in the fully accommodative esotropia group compared to the partially accommodative esotropia group in the right eye (p = 0.002). The saccadic latency in the rightward direction was longer in the fully accommodative esotropia group compared to the control group (p = 0.008) and smooth pursuit velocity gain in the leftward direction was lower in the partially and non-accommodative esotropia group compared to the control group in binocular recording (p = 0.004, p = 0.001, respectively). There was no difference in the saccadic velocity among the study groups (p > 0.05). Finally, asymmetry of saccadic velocity and latency was observed between right- and leftward directions in the partially accommodative esotropia group in the right eye (p = 0.003, p = 0.008, respectively).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that horizontal eye movements may vary in different types of convergent strabismus. VNG may be an auxiliary tool to the clinical examination in differentiating fully or non-accommodative esotropia.

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Funding

No funding was received for conducting this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CerrahpaÅŸa Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul University-CerrahpaÅŸa, 34098, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mustafa Hepokur

  2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Başak Mutlu & Merve Torun Topçu

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Medine Güneş & Halit Oğuz

  4. Göztepe Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Ophthalmology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mustafa Hepokur, Medine Güneş & Halit Oğuz

  5. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ahmet Mutlu & Mahmut Tayyar Kalcıoğlu

  6. Göztepe Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ahmet Mutlu & Mahmut Tayyar Kalcıoğlu

Authors
  1. Mustafa Hepokur
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  2. BaÅŸak Mutlu
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  3. Medine Güneş
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  4. Merve Torun Topçu
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  5. Ahmet Mutlu
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  6. Halit OÄŸuz
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  7. Mahmut Tayyar Kalcıoğlu
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by [MH], [BM], [MG], [MTT], [AM], [HO] and [MTK]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [MH] and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mustafa Hepokur.

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Confilct of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Ethical approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital (Date 10/02/2021/No 2021/0105).

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from the parents.

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Hepokur, M., Mutlu, B., Güneş, M. et al. The effect of different types of convergent strabismus on horizontal eye movements. Int Ophthalmol 42, 3951–3961 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02379-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02379-2

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