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Does the conjunctivochalasis accompanied by pseudoexfoliation syndrome affect the ocular surface and anterior segment structures?

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Abstract

Purpose

The probability of the coexistence of conjunctivochalasis and pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) in the same individual may increase with aging. We investigated the effects of conjunctivochalasis accompanied by PES on the ocular surface (OS) and anterior segment (AS) structures.

Methods

Cases with only conjunctivochalasis were determined as Group 1 (n = 62), cases with conjunctivochalasis accompanied by PES as Group 2 (n = 45), and healthy individuals as Group 3 (n = 56). The OS and AS parameters of the groups were compared.

Results

There were a higher grade-3 conjunctivochalasis rate (17.7% vs. 46.7%, p = 0.039), a greater “mean grade of conjunctivochalasis” value (1.72 ± 0.24 vs. 2.29 ± 0.32, p = 0.036), and a higher “total conjunctivochalasis score” (4.27 ± 1.13 vs. 6.12 ± 1.35, p = 0.025) in Group 2 than in Group 1. Additionally, Group 2 had a shorter tear film break-up time (TBUT) (9.17 ± 2.53 vs. 5.41 ± 1.32, p = 0.010) and a greater OS disease index (OSDI) score (16.28 ± 3.15 vs. 27.36 ± 4.12, p = 0.037) than Group 1. Moreover, both Group 1 and Group 2 had shorter TBUTs (Group 1–3: p = 0.004; Group 2–3: p < 0.001) and greater OSDI scores (Group 1–3: p = 0.042; Group 2–3: p = 0.019) compared to Group 3. The groups’ ocular surface staining scores, Schirmer 1 tests, central corneal thicknesses, keratometries, axial lengths, anterior chamber depths, lens thicknesses, and intraocular pressures were similar (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this was the first study comprehensively investigating the effects of conjunctivochalasis accompanied by PES on the OS and AS structures together. We found that conjunctivochalasis might cause the OS disease, while the presence of PES in conjunctivochalasis cases might worsen both the OS disease and conjunctivochalasis findings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey

    Bediz Özen & Hakan Öztürk

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  1. Bediz Özen
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by [Bediz Özen] and [Hakan Öztürk]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [Bediz Özen] and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bediz Özen.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Written informed consent was obtained from the parents.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was performed with the approval of Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital's Medical Research Ethical Committee (approval number: 2020/10–10) and in-line with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Özen, B., Öztürk, H. Does the conjunctivochalasis accompanied by pseudoexfoliation syndrome affect the ocular surface and anterior segment structures?. Int Ophthalmol 42, 3079–3087 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02294-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02294-6

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