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Choroidal vascularity index: an enhanced depth optical coherence tomography-based parameter to determine vascular status in patients with proliferative and non-proliferative macular telangiectasia

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Abstract

Key messages

The pathogenesis of subretinal neovascularization (SRNV) due to macular telengiectasia (MacTel 2) has not fully elucidated. This optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based method can provide better understanding of the pathogenesis of SRNV due to MacTel 2.

Purpose

To evaluate the choroidal vascular index (CVI) through optical coherence tomography (OCT) on eyes with proliferative macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2) or non-proliferative MacTel 2, and in healthy individuals.

Methods

Macular enhanced depth imaging OCT scans on 42 eyes of 21 patients with non-proliferative MacTel 2, on 32 eyes of 20 patients with proliferative MacTel 2, and on 38 eyes of 32 control patients were analyzed by adjusting for age–gender–axial length. Proliferative MacTel 2 was diagnosed when subretinal neovascularization (SRNV) was simultaneously observed in the non-proliferative phase. Binarization methods of ImageJ software were used to analyze images, and total choroid area (TCA), luminal area (LA) and stromal area (SA) were obtained. CVI was characterized as the ratio of LA to TCA.

Results

The mean TCA and SA were significantly higher in group 1 and group 2 when compared with group 3 (3.36 ± 0.29 mm2 vs. 3.27 ± 0.76 mm2 vs. 2.49 ± 0.24 mm2, p < 0.001; 1.15 ± 0.31 mm2 vs. 1.10 ± 0.69 mm2 vs. 0.35 ± 0.23 mm2, respectively; p < 0.001). Although LA was relatively higher in group 1 and group 2 than group 3, no statistically significant difference was observed (2.22 ± 0.14 mm2 vs. 2.17 ± 0.15 mm2 vs. 2.13 ± 0.21 mm2) (p = 0.088). CVI was significantly lower in group 1 than other groups (0.65 ± 0.01 vs 0.67 ± 0.02 vs 0.68 ± 0.02) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

As an OCT screening method, CVI may be used to assess the vascular status of the choroid on the eyes which are naive for or were exposed to SRNV secondary to MacTel 2, and to elucidate the pathogenesis of this disease.

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Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Bereketzade Mah, Bereketzade Sok. No:2, 34421, Beyoğlu, Istanbul, Turkey

    Buğra Karasu

  2. School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology Istanbul, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ali Rıza Cenk Celebi

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  1. Buğra Karasu
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  2. Ali Rıza Cenk Celebi
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Correspondence to Buğra Karasu.

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Conflict of interest

Author Bugra Karasu declares that he has no conflict of interest. Author Ali Rıza Cenk Celebi declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained prior to every surgical procedure from all individual participants included in the study. We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.

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Karasu, B., Celebi, A.R.C. Choroidal vascularity index: an enhanced depth optical coherence tomography-based parameter to determine vascular status in patients with proliferative and non-proliferative macular telangiectasia. Int Ophthalmol 41, 3505–3513 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01917-8

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