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Long-term follow up of en face optical coherence tomography of the inner retinal surface following internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic macular holes

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate sequential changes in the inner retinal surface using en face spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) following internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for idiopathic full thickness macular holes.

Methods

Retrospective, interventional study on 45 eyes of 42 patients with type 1 macular hole closure after a single procedure and a minimum post-operative follow up of 6 months. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photographs, B scan and en face SD-OCT scans were analysed pre-operatively, at 2, 6, 12 months post-operatively and then yearly. The presence or absence of concentric macular dark spots (CMDS) on the ILM slab of en face SD-OCT, their distribution pattern and course in terms of number and size of the dark spots was qualitatively assessed at each follow up.

Results

CMDS was identified in a total of 26 eyes (57.78%). Of these, it was detected in 21 eyes at 2 months and the remaining by 6 months. At the time of first detection, the distribution was classified as type 1 in 9 eyes (35%), type 2 in 7 eyes (27%) and type 3 in 10 eyes (38%). There was apparent increase in the number and size of the CMDS in 16 eyes (62%) no later than 12 months follow up, while 10 eyes (38%) remained stable. There was no decrease or resolution noted in any patient. The mean post-operative follow up was 19.4 months (range 6–69 months).

Conclusion

Inner retinal defects in the form of CMDS can be picked up on en face SD-OCT between 2–6 months post-operatively. They remain stable or become more prominent upto 12 months follow up, but do not regress once present. En face SD-OCT is recommended in all cases where ILM is peeled to assess CMDS.

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Funding

No funding was received for this research.

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Author notes

  1. Neha Goel

    Present address: Eye7 Chaudhary Eye Centre, Daryaganj, New Delhi, 110002, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICARE Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute, NOIDA, UP, India

    Neha Goel & Gaurav Shukla

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  1. Neha Goel
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  2. Gaurav Shukla
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Correspondence to Neha Goel.

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All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of ICARE eye hospital and postgraduate institute, NOIDA, U.P., India and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Goel, N., Shukla, G. Long-term follow up of en face optical coherence tomography of the inner retinal surface following internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic macular holes. Int Ophthalmol 41, 1003–1010 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01657-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01657-1

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