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International globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES): a report from Central India on visual outcome in open globe injuries and correlation with ocular trauma score

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the factors influencing final visual outcome after surgical repair of open globe injuries (OGIs) and to correlate the Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) system.

Methods

Prospective cross-sectional study of patients with OGIs from International Globe and Adnexal Trauma Epidemiology Study (IGATES) database at a tertiary referral eye centre in Central India over 2 years. Pre-operative factors affecting final visual outcome and correlation with OTS were evaluated.

Results

208 patients had ocular trauma, of which data from 42 eyes with OGIs were reviewed. The majority of the patients were men (32, 76.2%) below the age of 40 (31, 73.8%). Patients were followed up for at least 6 months. Initial visual acuity (VA) was ≥ 20/40; 2 (4.8%), 20/200 to 20/50; 2 (4.8%), 1/200 to 19/200; 7 (16.7%), LP to HM; 26 (61.9%) and NLP (5, 11.9%). Final VA was ≥ 20/40; 1 (2.4%), 20/50 to 20/200; 8 (19.1%), 1/200 to 19/200; 9 (21.4%), LP to HM; 17 (40.5%) and NLP; 7 (16.7%). Univariate analysis of pre-operative variables showed initial VA (p = 0.0004), presence of hyphaema (p = 0.0323), laceration involving cornea visual axis (p = 0.0192) and retinal detachment (p = 0.0299) were significant prognostic factors in final visual outcome. OTS in our study does not fully correlate with international OTS system.

Conclusions

Initial VA, hyphaema, visual-axis involving cornea laceration and retinal detachment are significant prognostic factors in OGIs. OTS remains a largely effective tool in counselling trauma patients.

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Funding

There is no funding involved in this study. Annette Hoskin is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Dora Lush Postgraduate Research Scholarship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

    Toh Zhi Hong & Rupesh Agrawal

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

    Sneha Agrawal & Rekha Khandelwal

  3. Data Analytics Division, MDS-Bio Analytics Private Limited, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

    Dhananjay Raje

  4. Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

    Annette Hoskin

  5. Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Australia

    Annette Hoskin

  6. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Western Australian, Nedlands, Australia

    Annette Hoskin

Authors
  1. Toh Zhi Hong
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  2. Sneha Agrawal
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  3. Dhananjay Raje
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  4. Annette Hoskin
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  5. Rupesh Agrawal
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by ZHT, SA, DR and RK. The first draft of the manuscript was written by ZHT and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Toh Zhi Hong or Rupesh Agrawal.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Ethical approval

The study was approved by the local Institutional Ethics Committee (NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences & Lata Mangeshkar Hospital). The investigators followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Toh, Z.H., Agrawal, S., Raje, D. et al. International globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES): a report from Central India on visual outcome in open globe injuries and correlation with ocular trauma score. Int Ophthalmol 40, 2797–2806 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01429-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01429-x

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