Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between the age and the density of anterior, posterior, and nuclear parts of lens and detect the normal lens density (LD) values in different age groups. 370 eyes of 370 voluntary healthy Turkish subjects were included. These were divided in four groups according to their age. These were Group 1 (51–65 years), Group 2 (41–50 years), Group 3 (31–40 years) and Group 4 (20–30 years). LD values of anterior, nuclear, posterior, and total (average) were measured using Pentacam HR Scheimpflug camera system. Both eyes of each subject were scanned twice in automatic release and 50-picture 3-dimensional (3D) scan modes by one experienced observer. 207 of the participants were females and 163 were males, with a mean age of 40.57 ± 13.06 years. The differences between groups in terms of nuclear area, posterior area, and average LD measurements were significant but anterior area was not. The nuclear area and average LD had high positive correlation with age (r = 0.72, p < 0.001, r = 0.63, p < 0.001, respectively); posterior area LD had a weak negative correlation with age (r = −0.16, p = 0.001). The mean LD values between female and male subjects showed no significant difference. The anterior region of the lens has the highest and nuclear area has the lowest value of LD in young people. In older people, the anterior area did not show a significant change, nuclear and total areas showed a significant increase but posterior area showed a significant decrease.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Friedrich MG, Truscott RJ (2009) Membrane association of proteins in the aging human lens: profound changes take place in the fifth decade of life. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50:4786–4793
Chylack LT Jr, Wolfe JK, Singer DM et al (1993) The lens opacities classification System III. The longitudinal study of cataract study group. Arch Ophthalmol 111:831–836
Brown N (1972) An advanced slit-image camera. Br J Ophthalmol 56:624–631
Hockwin O, Dragomirescu V, Koch HR (1979) Photographic documentation of disturbances of the lens transparency during ageing with a Scheimpflug camera system. Ophthalmic Res 11:405–410
Rabsilber TM, Khoramnia R, Auffarth GU (2006) Anterior chamber measurements using Pentacam rotating Scheimpflug camera. J Cataract Refract Surg 32:456–459
Kirkwood BJ, Hendicott PL, Read SA, Pesudovs K (2009) Repeatability and validity of lens densitometry measured with Scheimpflug imaging. J Cataract Refract Surg 35:1210–1215
Pei X, Bao Y, Chen Y, Li X (2008) Correlation of lens density measured using the Pentacam Scheimpflug system with the Lens Opacities Classification System III grading score and visual acuity in age-related nuclear cataract. Br J Ophthalmol 92:1471–1475
Magalhães FP, Costa EF, Cariello AJ, Rodrigues EB, Hofling-Lima AL (2011) Comparative analysis of the nuclear lens opalescence by the Lens Opacities Classification System III with nuclear density values provided by Oculus Pentacam: a cross-section study using Pentacam Nucleus Staging software. Arq Bras Oftalmol 74:110–113
Klein BE, Hubbard L, Ferrier NJ et al (2005) Detecting progression of nuclear sclerosis by using human grading versus semiautomated computer grading. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 464:1155–1162
Lynnerup N, Kjeldsen H, Heegaard S, Jacobsen C, Heinemeier J (2008) Radiocarbon dating of the human eye lens crystallines reveal proteins without carbon turnover throughout life. PLoS One 3(1):e1529
Heys K, Friedrich M, Truscott RJW (2007) Presbyopia and heat: changes associated with aging of the human lens suggest a functional role for the small heat shock protein, alpha-crystallin, in maintaining lens flexibility. Aging Cell 6:807–815
Kar T, Ayata A, Aksoy Y, Kaya A, Unal M (2014) The effect of chronic smoking on lens density in young adults. Eur J Ophthalmol 24:682–687
Foo KP, Maclean H (1996) Measured changes in cataract over six months: sensitivity of the Nidek EAS-1000. Ophthalmic Res 28:32–36
Grewal DS, Brar GS, Grewal SPS (2008) Correlation of nuclear cataract lens density using Scheimpflug images with Lens Opacities Classification System III and visual function. Ophthalmology 92:1471–1475
Kashima K, Trus BL, Unser M, Edwards PA, Datiles MB (1993) Aging studies on normal lens using the Scheimpflug slit-lamp camera. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 34:263–269
Kirwan JF, Venter L, Stulting AA, Murdoch IE (2003) LOCS III examination at the slit lamp, do settings matter? Ophthalmic Epidemiol 10:259–266
Tan AC, Loon SC, Choi H, Thean L (2008) Lens Opacities Classification System III: cataract grading variability between junior and senior staff at a Singapore hospital. J Cataract Refract Surg 34:1948–1952
Beneyto P, Ibáñez M, Leal MA, García A, Cabezas M, Morente P (2009) Measurement of lens density with a Scheimpflug camera in diabetic patients. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 116:1436–1443
Financial support
No financial support was received for this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
None of the authors has conflict of interest or commercial relationship.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kar, T., Aksoy, Y., Yıldırım, Y. et al. Quantitative Scheimpflug camera study of the lens density in healthy Turkish population. Int Ophthalmol 36, 819–827 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-016-0203-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-016-0203-x