Abstract
Objective
Despite the increasing evidence for probiotics’ anti-inflammatory effects, the results of meta-analyses remain inconsistent. The present umbrella meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers.
Methods
We performed a wide-ranging systematic search in several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar up to April 2023. The overall effect sizes were calculated using effect size (ES) values and their corresponding confidence intervals (CI).
Results
Out of a total of 580 related articles, 39 studies were qualified for inclusion in the analysis. The results of the analysis revealed a significant reduction of C-reactive protein (CRP) (ES = −1.02; 95% CI: −1.23, −0.80, p < 0.001; I2: 94.1%, p < 0.001), TNF-α (ES = −0.35; 95% CI: −0.50, −0.20, p < 0.001; I2: 75.6%, p < 0.001), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (ES = −0.36; 95% CI: −0.59, −0.13, p = 0.002; I2: 85.6%, p < 0.001), following probiotic supplementation.
Conclusion
Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced serum concentrations of TNF-a, CRP, and IL-6. Thus, probiotic supplementation can be considered adjuvant therapy to alleviate inflammation in various inflammatory conditions.
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The protocol of this study was endorsed by the Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Registration code: 69599).
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VM and AHF designed the research; ZK, ZSN, and VM conducted systematic search; AHF, VM, and MJ screened the articles; LGMPA, ZK, and VM extracted data; AHF analyzed and interpreted data; VM and ZK drew tables; LGMPA, MJ, VM, and AHF wrote the paper. PD had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Faghfouri, A.H., Afrakoti, L.G.M.P., Kavyani, Z. et al. The role of probiotic supplementation in inflammatory biomarkers in adults: an umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Inflammopharmacol 31, 2253–2268 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-023-01332-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-023-01332-8