Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition that is characterized by joint pain and inflammation. It is an autoimmune disorder in which the body tissues are erroneously attacked by the immune system of the host itself. It has been evident that rheumatoid arthritis symptoms follow a 24 h circadian rhythm and exhibit high thresholds of pain, functional disability, and stiffness predominantly early in the morning. Colon-specific drug delivery systems can be utilized in the formulations to be used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The colon-specific drug delivery system has shown promising results in the treatment of different diseases at the colonic site like Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, colon cancer, etc. The colon-specific drug delivery is capable of delivering the formulation at the predetermined location and predetermined time. The early morning symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis like pain and inflammation can be treated using the various approaches of the colon-specific drug delivery system because it will lead to patient compliance as the patient will not require administering the formulation immediately after waking up in the morning. This review also explains the immunological factors which may trigger rheumatoid arthritis in human beings. It further explores conventional approaches like pH-dependant, microorganisms-driven, pressure-controlled, and time-dependant formulations. By employing two or more conventional approaches given above the various novel approaches have been designed to eliminate the drawbacks of individual techniques.
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The authors would like to thank Dr. C. D. Upasani, Head, Research Centre at the SNJB’s SSDJ College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, District Nashik, Maharashtra, India for his support and help during the drafting process of this article.
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SNJ had an idea about rheumatoid arthritis and he wanted to find out the rationale behind the formulation system using chronotherapy. He prepared a draft manuscript using the most recent literature available on this topic. SBP designed the work and assisted in the literature search, extracted and analyzed the data, and produced the final report. In addition to assisting in the data analysis, he also helped in the synthesis and production of the final manuscript.
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Jain, S.N., Patil, S.B. Perspectives of colon-specific drug delivery in the management of morning symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacol 31, 253–264 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-022-01120-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-022-01120-w