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Uncertainty against Industry 4.0 and job insecurity: the moderated role of perceived employability, age, and educational level

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Abstract

This article examines the relationship between uncertainty against Industry 4.0 and job insecurity. Additionally, it explores the moderating role of perceived employability, considering the age and education level of employees. We carried out a study on a sample of 224 Chilean workers. Correlational statistical analysis and a multiple regression analysis were conducted to establish the moderation relationship between the intervening variables. Results support the role of uncertainty against Industry 4.0 as a predictor of quantitative (i.e., risk of job loss) but not qualitative job insecurity (i.e., risk of losing valued job features). Further, we found evidence for the importance of the education level of workers in the previously posed relationship. These findings have theoretical and practical implications given that the higher the education level of the worker, the higher their perceived employability, which acts as a personal resource that moderates and decreases their job insecurity perception. Thus, organizations should consider these factors when implementing new technological changes to facilitate the adaptation of workers.

Résumé

l'insécurité de l'emploi. En outre, il explore le rôle modérateur de l'employabilité perçue, compte tenu de l'âge et du niveau d'éducation des employés. Nous avons mené une étude sur un échantillon de 224 travailleurs chiliens. Une analyse statistique corrélationnelle et une analyse de régression multiple ont été menées pour établir la relation de modération entre les variables intervenantes. Les résultats confirment le rôle de l'incertitude face à l'industrie 4.0 en tant que facteur prédictif de l'insécurité quantitative (c'est-à-dire du risque de perte d'emploi), mais pas de l'insécurité qualitative (c'est-à-dire du risque de perdre des caractéristiques valorisées de l'emploi). En outre, nous avons trouvé des preuves de l'importance du niveau d'éducation des travailleurs dans l'industrie 4.0. l'importance du niveau d'éducation des travailleurs dans la relation susmentionnée. Ces résultats ont des implications théoriques et pratiques, étant donné que plus le niveau d'éducation du travailleur est élevé, plus le niveau d'insécurité de l'emploi est élevé. plus le niveau d'éducation du travailleur est élevé, plus son employabilité perçue est élevée, ce qui agit comme une ressource personnelle qui modère et renforce le sentiment d'appartenance. comme une ressource personnelle qui modère et diminue la perception de l'insécurité de l'emploi. Les organisations devraient donc tenir compte de ces facteurs lorsqu'elles mettent en œuvre de nouveaux changements technologiques afin de faciliter l'adaptation des travailleurs.

Zusammenfassung

In diesem Artikel wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der Unsicherheit gegenüber Industrie 4.0 und der Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit untersucht. Außerdem wird die moderierende Rolle der wahrgenommenen Beschäftigungsfähigkeit unter Berücksichtigung des Alters und des Bildungsniveaus der Arbeitnehmer untersucht. Wir haben eine Studie mit einer Stichprobe von 224 chilenischen Arbeitnehmern durchgeführt. Eine statistische Korrelationsanalyse und eine multiple Regressionsanalyse wurden durchgeführt, um die moderierende Beziehung zwischen den intervenierenden Variablen zu ermitteln. Die Ergebnisse belegen die Rolle der Unsicherheit gegenüber Industrie 4.0 als Prädiktor für quantitative (d. h. das Risiko des Arbeitsplatzverlusts), nicht aber für qualitative Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit (d. h. das Risiko des Verlusts geschätzter Arbeitsplatzmerkmale). Außerdem fanden wir Hinweise auf die Bedeutung des Bildungsniveaus von Arbeitnehmern in der zuvor dargestellten Beziehung. Diese Ergebnisse haben theoretische und praktische Auswirkungen, denn je höher das je höher das Bildungsniveau des Arbeitnehmers ist, desto höher ist seine wahrgenommene Beschäftigungsfähigkeit, die als persönliche Ressource fungiert als persönliche Ressource fungiert, die ihre Wahrnehmung der Arbeitsplatzunsicherheit mildert und verringert.Daher sollten Unternehmen diese Faktoren bei der Einführung neuer technologischer Veränderungen berücksichtigen, um die Anpassung der Arbeitnehmer zu erleichtern.

Resumen

Este artículo examina la relación entre la incertidumbre frente a la Industria 4.0 y la inseguridad laboral. Además, explora el papel moderador de la empleabilidad percibida, considerando la edad y el nivel educativo de los trabajadores. Se realiza un estudio sobre una muestra de 224 trabajadores chilenos. Se realizó un análisis estadístico correlacional y un análisis de regresión múltiple para establecer la relación de moderación entre las variables intervinientes. Los resultados apoyan el papel de la incertidumbre frente a la Industria 4.0 como predictor de la inseguridad laboral cuantitativa (es decir, el riesgo de perder el empleo) pero no cualitativa (es decir, el riesgo de perder características valoradas del empleo). Además, encontramos pruebas de la importancia del nivel educativo de los trabajadores en la relación planteada anteriormente. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones teóricas y prácticas, ya que cuanto mayor sea el nivel educativo del trabajador, mayor será la inseguridad laboral. nivel educativo del trabajador, mayor es su empleabilidad percibida, que actúa como un recurso personal que modera y disminuye su percepción de inseguridad laboral. Así, las organizaciones deberían considerar estos factores a la hora de implementar nuevos cambios tecnológicos para facilitar la adaptación de los trabajadores.

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  1. University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Rocío Montero Barra

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Patricia Garrido-Vásquez & Mauricio E. Garrido Vásquez

  3. Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    Kathleen Otto

  4. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Barrio Universitario, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile

    Mauricio E. Garrido Vásquez

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Montero Barra, R., Garrido-Vásquez, P., Otto, K. et al. Uncertainty against Industry 4.0 and job insecurity: the moderated role of perceived employability, age, and educational level. Int J Educ Vocat Guidance (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-023-09636-5

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