Skip to main content
Log in

Picking up the pieces: themes in Macedonian midcareer transitions

  • Published:
International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Addressing midcareer transition in post-socialist Macedonia, this work sought to provide practical help to participants through a range of techniques. Four themes are identified as important options for transitioners. Enthusiasm for “entrepreneurship” is tempered by a lack of funds and “portfolio careers” are also viewed with caution. “Employment in a small firm” provides participants with cause for optimism, although the link between lifelong learning and “employability” is not clear to them. Career support for Macedonians experiencing midcareer transition is valued.

Résumé

Recoller les morceaux: les thèmes abordés pendant les transitions de carrière en milieu de vie en Macédoine. S’adressant à une transition de carrière en milieu de vie dans la Macédoine post-socialiste, ce travail cherche à fournir une aide pratique aux participants à travers un choix de techniques. Quatre thèmes sont identifiés comme des options importantes pour ceux qui passent par une transition. L’enthousiasme pour « l’entrepreneuriat » est tempéré par un manque de ressources financières alors qu’un « portefolio professionnel » est également considérée avec prudence. « L’emploi dans une petite entreprise » permet aux participants d’être optimistes, bien que le lien entre l’apprentissage continu et « l’employabilité » n’est pas claire pour eux. Un soutien envers les Macédonien pour une transition de carrière en milieu de vie est valorisé.

Zusammenfassung

Rückkehr zur Normalität: Themen in mazedonischen beruflichen Übergängen in der Laufbahnmitte. In Bezug auf berufliche Übergänge in der Laufbahnmitte im post-sozialistischen Mazedonien, versucht diese Arbeit praktische Hilfestellung für die Teilnehmer in Form einer Reihe von Techniken zu bieten. Vier Themen werden als wichtige Optionen für Personen in Übergängen identifiziert. Die Begeisterung für “Unternehmertum” wird durch einen Mangel an finanziellen Mitteln eingeschränkt, während eine “Portfolio Karriere” auch mit Vorsicht betrachtet wird. “Beschäftigung in einer kleinen Firma” bietet den Teilnehmern Anlass zu Optimismus, obwohl die Verbindung zwischen lebenslangem Lernen und “Arbeitsmarktfähigkeit” für sie nicht klar ist. Laufbahn-Unterstützung für Mazedonier in beruflichen Übergängen in der Laufbahnmitte wird bewertet.

Resumen

Recogiendo los pedazos: Temas sobre las transiciones de mitad de carrera en Macedonia. Considerando las transiciones en mitad de carrera en la Macedonia post-socialista, este trabajo busca proveer una ayuda practica a los participantes a través de una variedad de técnicas. Cuatro temas importantes son identificados para las personas que pasan por una transición: Entusiasmo para “el espirito emprendedor” es moderado por una falta de recursos financieros mientras que “el portafolio de carrera” es igualmente considerado con prudencia. “El empleado en una pequeña compañía” permite a los participantes de ser optimistas aunque el vinculo con el aprendizaje continuo y “La posibilidad del empleo” no es claro para ellos. El apoyo profesional para Los Macedonios que experimentan transiciones en mitad de carrera es valorizado.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aghion, P., Blanchard, O., & Burgess, R. (1994). The behaviour of state firms in Eastern Europe, pre-privatisation. European Economic Review, 38, 1327–1349. doi:10.1016/0014-2921(94)90079-5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amundson, N. E. (1995). An interactive model of career decision making. Journal of Employment Counseling, 32, 11–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bagdadli, S., Solari, L., Usai, A., & Grandori, A. (2003). The emergence of career boundaries in unbounded industries: Career odysseys in the Italian new economy. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14, 788–808. doi:10.1080/0958519032000080802.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baruch, Y. (2004a). Managing careers: Theory and practice. Harlow: Pearson Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baruch, Y. (2004b). Transforming careers: From linear to multidirectional career paths: Organizational and individual perspectives. Career Development International, 9, 58–73. doi:10.1108/13620430410518147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bernaud, J.-L., & Bideault, A. (2005). Le déterminants de l’attractivité face à une démarche de conseil en orientation. Carrièrologie, 10, 289–303. Retrieved from http://www.carrierologie.uqam.ca/volume10%201-2/16%20determinants/index.html.

  • Betz, N. E. (1992). Counseling uses of career self-efficacy theory. The Career Development Quarterly, 41, 22–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blossfeld, H.-P., Bucholz, S., & Hofacker, D. (2006). Globalization, uncertainty and late careers in society. Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyce, A. S., Ryan, A. M., Imus, A. L., & Morgeson, F. P. (2007). Temporary worker, permanent loser? A model of the stigmatization of temporary workers. Journal of Management, 33, 5–29. doi:10.1177/0149206306296575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Camina, M. M. (1999). Research Note: Cultural gaps in cross-national cooperation: The legacy of empires in Macedonia. Organization Studies, 20(7), 119–132. doi:10.1177/017084060002000708.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Camina, M. M. (2000). Research Note: Cultural gaps in cross-national cooperation: The legacy of empires in Macedonia. Organization Studies, 21(1), 119–132. doi:10.1177/0170840600210008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlsen, M. B. (1988). Meaning-making: Therapeutic processes in adult development. New York, NY: Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chenail, R. J. (1997). Keeping things plumb in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 3(3). Retrieved from http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR3-3/plumb.html.

  • Clinton, M., Totterdell, P., & Wood, S. (2006). A grounded theory of portfolio working. International Small Business Journal, 24, 179–203. doi:10.1177/0266242606061843.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cochran, L. (1990). The sense of vocation: A study of career and life development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cochran, L. (1997). Career counseling: A narrative approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. C. (2008). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Counsell, D., & Popova, J. (2000). Career perceptions and strategies in the new market-oriented Bulgaria: An exploratory study. Career Development International, 5, 360–368. doi:10.1108/13620430010361613.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Culley, S. (2004). Integrative counselling skills in action. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dey, I. (1993). Qualitative data analysis: A user-friendly guide for social scientists. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ebberwein, C. A., Krieshok, T. S., Ulven, J. C., & Prosser, E. C. (2004). Voices in transition: Lessons on career adaptability. The Career Development Quarterly, 52, 292–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Filatotchev, I., Wright, M., Uhlenbruck, K., Tihanyi, L., & Hoskisson, R. E. (2003). Governance, organizational capabilities, and restructuring in transition economies. Journal of World Business, 38, 331–347. doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2003.08.019.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fleming, N. D., & Mills, C. (1992). Not another inventory, rather a catalyst for reflection. To Improve the Academy, 11, 137–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, P. (2004). Where to from here? A narrative approach to career counseling. Career Development Journal, 9, 176–189. doi:10.1108/13620430410526201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967/1999). Discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Chicago, IL: Aldine Transaction.

  • Glastra, F. J., Hake, B. J., & Schedler, P. E. (2004). Lifelong learning as transitional learning. Adult Education Quarterly, 54, 291–307. doi:10.1177/0741713604266143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gold, M., & Fraser, J. (2002). Managing self-management: Successful transitions to portfolio careers. Work, Employment & Society, 16, 579–597. doi:10.1177/095001702321587370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gondim, S. M. G., & Mutti, C. (2011). Affections in learning situations: A study of an entrepreneurship skills development course. Journal of Workplace Learning, 23, 195–208. doi:10.1108/13665621111117224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, D. T. (2002). Careers in and out of organisations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herr, E. L. (1993). Contexts and influences on the need for personal flexibility for the 21st Century, Part I. Canadian Journal of and Psychotherapy(Revue Canadienne de Counseling et de Psychothérapie), 27(3), 148–164. Retrieved from http://cjc-rcc.ucalgary.ca/cjc/index.php/rcc/article/view/552/97.

  • Herzfeld, M. (2002). Cultural fundamentalism in the regimentation of identity: The embodiment of Orthodox values in a modernist setting. In U. Hedtoft & M. Hiort (Eds.), The post national self: Belonging and identity (pp. 190–214). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopson, B., & Adams, J. D. (1977). Towards an understanding of transitions: Defining some boundaries of transition. In J. Adams, J. Hayes, & B. Hopson (Eds.), Transition: Understanding and managing personal change (pp. 1–19). Montclair, NJ: Allenheld & Osmun.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hytti, U. (2010). Contextualizing entrepreneurship in the boundaryless career. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 25, 64–81. doi:10.1108/17542411011019931.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ituma, A., & Simpson, R. (2009). The ‘boundaryless’ career and career boundaries: Applying an institutionalist perspective to ICT workers in the context of Nigeria. Human Relations, 62, 727–761. doi:10.1177/0018726709103456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janis, I., & Mann, L. (1977). Decision making: A psychological analysis of conflict, choice, and commitment. New York, NY: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kets de Vries, M. (2003). The retirement syndrome: The psychology of letting go. European Management Journal, 21, 707–716. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2003.09.009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khapova, S. N., & Korotov, K. (2007). Dynamics of Western career attributes in the Russian context. Career Development International, 12, 68–85. doi:10.1108/13620430710724839.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kolb, D. A. (1999). Learning style inventory version 3. Boston, MA: Hay Transforming Learning.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G. (2002). Social cognitive career theory. In D. Brown (Ed.), Career choice and development (4th ed., pp. 255–311). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindeman, E. C. (1926). Meaning of adult education. New York, NY: New Republic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lofland, J., Snow, D., Anderson, L., & Lofland, L. H. (2004). Analyzing social settings: A guide to qualitative observation and analysis (4th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallon, M. (1998). The portfolio career: Pushed or pulled to it? Personnel Review, 27, 361–377. doi:10.1108/00483489810230316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mallon, M., & Walton, S. (2005). Career and learning: The ins and the outs of it. Personnel Review, 34, 468–487. doi:10.1108/00483480510599789.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, M. L., Patton, W., & Watson, M. (2004). Creating career stories through reflection: An application of the systems theory framework of career development. Australian Journal of Career Development, 13(3), 13–17. Retrieved from http://eprints.qut.edu.au/1820/.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller-Tiedeman, A. (1988). Lifecareer: The quantum leap into a process theory of career. Vista, CA: Lifecareer Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mills, M., Blossfeld, H.-P., Buchholz, S., Hofaecker, D., Bernardi, F., & Hofmeister, H. (2008). Converging divergences? An international comparison of the impacts of globalization on industrial relations and employment careers. International Sociology, 23, 561–595. doi:10.1177/0268580908090728.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moghadam, V. M. (Ed.). (1993). Democratic reform and the position of women in transitional economies. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parsons, F. (1909). Choosing a vocation. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perosa, S. L., & Perosa, L. M. (1987). Strategies for counseling midcareer changers: A conceptual framework. Journal of Counseling and Development, 65, 558–661.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poujeau, A. (2010). Orthodox-Muslim interactions at “mixed shrines” in Macedonia. In C. Hann & H. Goltz (Eds.), Eastern Christians in anthropological perspective (pp. 195–220). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees, C. J., Jaervalt, J., & Metcalfe, B. (2005). Career management in transition: HRD themes from the Estonian civil service. Journal of European Industrial Training, 29, 572–592. doi:10.1108/03090590510621063.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ritook, M. (1993). Career development in Hungary at the beginning of the 90’s. Journal of Career Development, 20, 33–40. doi:10.1177/089484539302000104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robson, C. (1993). Real world research: A resource for social scientists and practitioner-researchers. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, D. (2005). The anthropology of religion after socialism. Religion, State and Society, 33, 5–18. doi:10.1080/0963749042000330848.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schein, E. H. (1995). Process consultation, action research and clinical inquiry: Are they the same? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 10(6), 14–19. doi:10.1108/02683949510093830.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schlossberg, N. K., Waters, E. B., & Goodman, J. (1995). Counseling adults in transition: Linking practice with theory (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharf, R. S. (2002). Applying career development theory to counseling (3rd ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, P., Bartkiw, T. J., & Suster, Z. (2007). The Yugoslav experience with worker’s councils—A reexamination. Labor Studies Journal, 32, 280–297. doi:10.1177/0160449X07299738.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stake, R. E. (1995). The art of case study research. Thousand Oakes, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strong, S., Welsh, J., Corcoran, J., & Hoyt, W. (1992). Social psychology and counseling psychology: The history, products and promise of interface. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 39, 139–157. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.39.2.139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, S. E., & Baruch, Y. (2009). Advances in career theory and research: A critical review and agenda for future exploration. Journal of Management, 35, 1542–1571. doi:10.1177/0149206309350082.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Super, D. E. (1981). Toward a comprehensive theory of career development. In D. H. Montross & C. J. Shinkman (Eds.), Career development: Theory and practice (pp. 35–64). Springfield, IL: Thomas.

    Google Scholar 

  • Super, D. E. (1990). A life-span, life space approach to career development. In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development: Applying contemporary theories to practice (2nd ed., pp. 197–261). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tesch, R. (1990). Qualitative research: Analysis types and software tools (1st ed.). Abingdon: Routledge Falmer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watts, A. G. (2000). The new career and public policy. In A. Collin & R. A. Young (Eds.), The future of career (pp. 259–275). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Yakushko, O. (2007). Career development issues in the former USSR. Journal of Career Development, 33, 299–315. doi:10.1177/0894845307300411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin, R. K. (1994). Case study research: Design and methods (2nd ed.). In L. Bickman & D. J. Rog (Series Eds.), Applied social research methods Series: Vol. 5. Applications of case study research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

  • Zunker, V. G. (2002). Career counseling: Applied concepts of life planning (6th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paul Sudnik.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sudnik, P. Picking up the pieces: themes in Macedonian midcareer transitions. Int J Educ Vocat Guidance 12, 123–139 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-011-9214-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-011-9214-3

Keywords

Navigation