Skip to main content
Log in

Holland’s hexagonal personality model for a sample of Greek university students

  • Published:
International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe the hexagonal person-environment fit for the Holland personality types for a Greek sample of 156 university students. The statistical analysis followed both exploratory—such as multidimensional scaling—and confirmatory methods—such as covariance structure models. These methods were employed in an exploratory sense, in a descriptive attempt to portray Holland’s hexagon structure for this Greek sample. The findings of this study are comparable to the overall theory and other international samples, and also serve as a first psychometric testing of the Self-Directed Search in a Greek population.

Résumé.

Le modèle hexagonal de la personnalité de Holland appliqué à un échantillon d’étudiants universitaires grecs. Le but de cette étude était de décrire le degré d’ajustement personne-environnement selon le modèle des types de personnalité de Holland dans un échantillon grec de 156 étudiants universitaires. L’analyse statistique a combiné des méthodes exploratoires—comme le multidimensional scaling—et confirmatoires—comme des modèles de structure de covariances. Ces méthodes ont été utilisées dans une perspective exploratoire, en vue de dépeindre descriptivement la structure de l’hexagone de Holland de cet échantillon grec. Les résultats de cette étude sont comparables à la théorie générale et à ce que l’on trouve sur d’autres échantillons internationaux; ils constituent également le premier testing psychométrique du Self-Directed Search sur une population grecque.

Zusammenfassung.

Hollands hexagonales Persönlichkeitsmodell bei einer Stichprobe griechischer Studenten. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war die Bestätigung der Anwendbarkeit des hexagonalen Person-Umwelt-Konzepts der Persönlichkeitstypen nach Holland für eine Stichprobe von 156 griechischen Universitätsstudenten. Die statistische Analyse verwendete sowohl befragende—wie z.B. multidimensionale Einschätzungen—als auch bestätigende Methoden—wie z.B. Kovarianz-Strukturmodelle. Diese Methoden wurden in einem erforschenden Sinn angewendet, in einem beschreibenden Versuch zur Darstellung von Hollands Hexagonal-Struktur für diese griechische Stichprobe. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung sind vergleichbar mit der zu Grunde liegenden Theorie und anderen internationalen Ergebnissen, und sie dienen als erste psychometrische Testung der SDS (Self-Directed Search) bei einer griechischen Gruppe.

Resumen.

El Modelo Hexagonal de Holland aplicado a una Muestra de Estudiantes Universitarios Griegos. La finalidad de este estudio fue describir el ajuste entre la persona y el ambiente de los tipos de personalidad de Holland (modelo hexagonal) en una muetra de 156 estudiantes universitarios. Paea el análisis estadístico se aplicaron métodos tanto exploratorios—como el escalado multidimensional—multidimensional scaling—como confirmatorios—como los modelos estructurales de co-varianza. Estos métodos se usaron en un sentido exploratorio, con la intención de describir la estructura hexagonal en esta muestra griega. Los resultados de este estudio son comparables con la teoría general y con su aplicación a otras muestras internacionales, y sirven también como una primera evaluación psicométrica de la Búsqueda Auto-Dirigida (Self-Directed Search) en una población griega.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
€32.70 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Finland)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anastasi, A., & Urbina, S. (1997). Psychological testing (7th ed.). NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, M. Z., Tracey, T. J. G., & Rounds, J. (1997). Examining the invariance of Holland’s vocational interest model across gender. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 50, 349–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, L. B. (1988). Experimental methodology (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Einarsdόttir, S., Rounds, J., Egisdόttir, S., & Gerstein, L. H. (2002). The structure of vocational interests in Iceland: Examining Holland’s and Gati’s RIASEC models. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 18(1), 85–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fouad, N. L., & Dancer, L. S. (1992). Cross-cultural structure of interests: Mexico and the United States. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 40(2), 129–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Furnham, A. (2001). Vocational preference and P-O Fit: Reflections on Holland’s theory of vocational choice. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 50(1), 5–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haverkamp, B. E., Collins, R. C., & Hansen, J-I. C. (1994). Structure of interests of Asian-American college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 256–264.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herr, E. L., Cramer, S. H., & Niles, S. G. (2004). Career guidance and counseling through the life span (6th ed.). USA: Pearson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hesketh, B., & Rounds, J. (1995). International cross-cultural approaches to career development. In W. B. Walsh, & S. H. Osipow (Eds.), Handbook of vocational psychology: Theory research and practice (2nd ed., pp. 367–390). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstee, W. K. B., de Raad, B., & Goldberg, L. R. (1992). Integration of the big five and circumplex approaches to trait structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 146–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holland, J. L. (1985). Making vocational choices: A theory of vocational personalities and work environments (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, J. L. (1992). Making vocational choices (2nd ed.). Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment- Responses.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holland, J. L. (1997). Making vocational choices (3rd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kline, P. (1993). The handbook of psychological testing. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myors, B. (1996). A simple, exact test for the Holland hexagon. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48, 339–351.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Panagiotou, I. (2003). Dierevnisi ton typon prosopikotitas kai epilogis epaggelmatos (mia efarmogi tis typologikis theorias tou Holland): I periptosi ton mathiton Technikis ekpaidevsis tis Milou (in Greek) [Examination of personality types and occupational choice -an application of Holland’s theory: the case of the Technical education students in Milos island]. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, University of Athens.

  • Prediger, D. J. (1982). Dimensions underlying Holland’s hexagon: Missing link between interests and occupations? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 21, 259–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rayman, J., & Atanasoff, L. (1999). Holland’s theory of career intervention: The power of the hexagon. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 55, 114–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rounds, J., & Tracey, T. J. G. (1993). Prediger’s dimensional representation of Holland’s RIASEC circumplex. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 875–890.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rounds, J., & Tracey, T. J. G. (1996). Cross-cultural structural equivalence of RIASEC models and measures. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 310–329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, J., Tracey, T., & Rounds, J. (1996). Generalizability of Holland’s structure of vocational interests across ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 330–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sidiropoulou-Dimakakou, D. (1996). I anagaiotita diatyposis mias theorias epaggelmatikis anaptyxis ton gynaikon (in Greek) [The necessity of formulating a theory for women career development]. Leschi ton Ekpedeftikon [Educators forum], 14, 33–34.

  • Sidiropoulou-Dimakakou, D. (2002). Epaggelmatiki axiologisi kai symvouleftiki ton gynaikon (in Greek) [Career assessment and counseling for women]. In M. Kassotakis (Ed.), Symvouleftiki kai Epaggelmatikos Prosanatolismos: Theoria kai Praxi [Counseling and Career Guidance: Theory and Practic] (pp. 623–634). Athens: Tipothito.

  • Sidiropoulou-Dimakakou, D. (2003). Epaggelmatiki symvouleftiki kai politismiki diaforetikotita (in Greek) [Career counseling and cultural diversity]. Psychologia, 10(2 & 3), 399–413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sidiropoulou-Dimakakou, D., Touloumakou, A., & Papadakou (2004). Dislitourgikes pepithiseis stin epilisi provlimaton stadiodromias kai sti lipsi epaggelmatikon apofaseon: H sxesi tous me ta epaggelmatika endiaferonda ke tous tipous prosopikotitas kata Holland (in Greek) [Disfunctional perceptions in problem solving and career decision making: Their relation with career interests and Holland’s personality types]. In M. Makris & D. Desli (Eds.), I gnostiki psychologia simera: Gefires gia ti meleti tis noisis [The cognitive psychology today: Bridges for the study of mind] (pp. 198–200). Athens: Tipothito.

  • Tetradakou, N. (1997). Epaggelmatika endiaferonta teliofiton lykeiou symfona me tin typologiki theoria tou J. Holland kai epilogi spoudon tritovathmias ekpaidevsis (in Greek) [Vocational interests of senior high school students according to J. Holland’s theory, and choice of university fields]. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, University of Athens.

  • Touloumakou, A. (2005). The Self-Directed Search. Stathmisi tou ergaleiou Dokimion autoanaforas tou John, L. Holland. (in Greek) [Standardization procedures for Holland’s Self-Directed Search]. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, University of Athens.

  • Tracey, T. J. G. (2000). Analysis of circumplex models. In H. E. A. Tinsley & S. D. Brown (Eds.), Handbook of applied multivariate statistics and mathematical modeling (pp. 641–664). San Diego: Academic.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Tracey, T. J. G., & Rounds, J. (1993). Evaluating Holland’s and Gati’s vocational interest models: A structural meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 229–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tracey, T. J. G., & Rounds, J. (1996). A spherical representation of vocational interests. Journal of Vocational Behavioral, 48, 3–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van de Vijver, F., & Leung, K. (1997). Methods and data analysis for cross-cultural research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veligekas, P., Mylonas, K., & Zervas, Y. (2007). Goal orientation and beliefs about the causes of success among Greek track and field athletes. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 105, 927–938.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would sincerely like to thank the four anonymous reviewers and the Journal Editor for their directions and highly constructive comments during the revision procedure.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Despina Sidiropoulou-Dimakakou.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sidiropoulou-Dimakakou, D., Mylonas, K. & Argyropoulou, K. Holland’s hexagonal personality model for a sample of Greek university students. Int J Educ Vocat Guidance 8, 111–125 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-008-9141-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-008-9141-0

Keywords

Navigation