Abstract
In this paper a new authenticated quantum protocol aiming to establish a controlled secure direct communication based on five-particle Brown states is proposed. In comparison with previous ones, higher amount of quantum channel capacity is spent for transferring secret information. The controller takes the responsibility of communication after authenticating its identity to parties of communication and keeps its supervision task till end phase of transferring information. The bidirectional authentication method along with eavesdropping check, uses the pre-transmitted identification and hash. The classical XOR operator is used for preventing from eavesdropping by dishonest ones.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G.: Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing. IEEE Int. Comp. Conf. Newyork. 175, 8 (1984)
Ekert, A.K.: Quantum cryptography based on Bell’s theorem. Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 661–663 (1991)
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G., Mermin, N.D.: Quantum cryptography without Bell’s theorem. Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 557–559 (1992)
Zhan, Y.B.: Teleportation of N-particle entangled W state via entanglement swapping. Chin. Phys, B. 13, 1801–1805 (2004)
Deng, F.G., Li, C.Y., Li, Y.S., et al.: Symmetric multipartycontrolled teleportation of an arbitrary two-particle entanglemen. Phys. Rev. A. 72, 022338 (2004)
Shamir, A.: How to share a secret. Commun. ACM. 22, 612–613 (1979)
Chen, P., Deng, F.G., Long, G.L.: High-dimension multiparty quantum secret sharing scheme with Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen pairs. Chin. Phys. B. 15, 2228–2235 (2006)
Beige, A., Engler, K., Weinfurter, H.: Secure communication with a publicly known key. Acta Phys. Pol. A. 101, 357 (2002)
Deng, F., et al.: Two-step quantum direct communication protocol using the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair block. Phys. Rev. A. 68, 4 (2003)
Deng, F., Long, G.: Secure direct communication with a quantum one-time pad. Phys. Rev. A. 69, 5 (2004)
Wang, J., et al.: Quantum secure direct communication based on order rearrangement of single photons. Phys. Rev. A. 358(4), 256–258 (2006)
Wang, J., et al.: Quantum secure direct communication without using perfect quantum channel. Int.l J. Modern Phys. C. 17(05), 685–692 (2006)
Wang, C., Deng, F.G., Long, G.L.: Multi-step quantum secure direct communication using multi-particle GHZ state. Opt. Commun. 253, 15 (2005)
Li, X.H., Li, C.Y., Deng, F.G., et al.: Quantum secure direct communication with quantum encryption based on pure entangled states. Chin. Phys. B. 16, 2149–2153 (2007)
Brown, I.D., Stepney, S., Sudbery, A., Braunstein, S.L.: Searching for highly entangled multi-qubit states. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 38, 1119 (2005)
Yan, X., Chang, F.U., Zhang, S.: Quantum Dialogue by Using the GHZ State. Phys. Soc. Korean. 48(1), 2427 (2006)
Xiao-Ming, X., et al.: Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Four-Particle Genuine Entangled State and Dense Coding. Commun. Theor. Phys. 52(1), 60–62 (2009)
Ye, T., Jiang, L.: Improvement of Controlled Bidirectional Quantum Direct Communication Using a GHZ State. Chin. Phys. Lett. 30(4), 040305 (2013)
Shan, C.J., Liu, J.B., Chen, T., et al.: Controlled Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Local Separate Measurements in Cavity QED. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 49, 334 (2010)
Lee, H., et al.: Quantum direct communication with authentication. Phys. Rev. A. 73, 4 (2006)
Zhang, Z., et al.: Comment on “Quantum direct communication with authentication”. Phys. Rev. A. 75, 2 (2007)
Liu, D., Pei, C.X., Quan, D.X., et al.: A new quantum secure direct communication scheme with authentication. Chin. Phys. Lett. 27, 050306 (2010)
Lin, S., Huang, C., Liu, X.F.: Multi-user quantum key distribution based on bell states with mutual authentication. Phys. Scr. 87, 035008 (2013)
Long, G., Liu, X.: Theoretically efficient high-capacity quantum-key-distribution scheme. Phys. Rev. A. 65, 3 (2002)
Wang, J., Zhang, Q., Tang, C.J.: Multiparty controlled quantum secure direct communication using Greenberger–Horne–Zeilingerstate. Opt.Commun. 266, 732 (2006)
Wang, J., Chen, H.Q., Zhang, Q., et al.: Multiparty controlled quantum secure direct communication protocol. Acta Phys. Sin. 56, 673 (2007)
Wang, T.Y., Qin, S.J., Wen, Q.Y., et al.: Analysis and improvement of multiparty controlled quantum secure direct communication protocol. Acta.Phys.Sin. 57, 7452–7456 (2008)
Gao, F., Qin, S.J., Wen, Q.Y., et al.: Cryptanalysis of multiparty controlled quantum secure direct communication using Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state. Opt. Commun. 283, 192–195 (2010)
Liu, D., Pei, C.X., Quan, D.X., et al.: A new quantum secure direct communication scheme with authentication. Chin. Phys. Lett. 27, 050306 (2010)
Zhang, Z.J., Liu, J., Wang, D., Shi, S.H.: Comment on “Quantum direct communication with authentication”. Phys. Rev. A. 75, (2007)
Yang, J., et al.: Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Authentication Expansion Using Single Photons. Commun. Theor. Phys. 54(5), 829–834 (2010)
T. Chang, Ch. Xu, Sh. Zhang, and L. Yan, “Controlled quantum secure direct communication and authentication protocol based on five-particle cluster state and quatum one time pad,” China. Press, Kuala Lumpur. 10, pp.1007, 2014
Wang, M., et al.: A new controlled quantum secure direct communication protocol based on a four-qubit cluster state. Mod. Phys. Lett. B. 28(24), 1450194 (2014)
Patwardhan, S., et al.: Efficient Controlled Quantum Secure Direct Communication Protocols. J. Theor. Phys. 55(7), 3280–3288 (2016)
Zheng, X., Long, Y.: Controlled quantum secure direct communication with authentication protocol based on five-particle cluster state and classical XOR operation. Quantum Inf. Process. 18, 5 (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khorasani, F.M., Houshmand, M. & Anzabi-Nezhad, N.S. Authenticated Controlled Quantum Secure Direct Communication Protocol Based on Five-Particle Brown States. Int J Theor Phys 59, 1612–1622 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-020-04429-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-020-04429-w