Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Quantum Image Steganography and Steganalysis Based On LSQu-Blocks Image Information Concealing Algorithm

International Journal of Theoretical Physics volume 55, pages 3722–3736 (2016)Cite this article

Abstract

Quantum steganography can solve some problems that are considered inefficient in image information concealing. It researches on Quantum image information concealing to have been widely exploited in recent years. Quantum image information concealing can be categorized into quantum image digital blocking, quantum image stereography, anonymity and other branches. Least significant bit (LSB) information concealing plays vital roles in the classical world because many image information concealing algorithms are designed based on it. Firstly, based on the novel enhanced quantum representation (NEQR), image uniform blocks clustering around the concrete the least significant Qu-block (LSQB) information concealing algorithm for quantum image steganography is presented. Secondly, a clustering algorithm is proposed to optimize the concealment of important data. Finally, we used Con-Steg algorithm to conceal the clustered image blocks. Information concealing located on the Fourier domain of an image can achieve the security of image information, thus we further discuss the Fourier domain LSQu-block information concealing algorithm for quantum image based on Quantum Fourier Transforms. In our algorithms, the corresponding unitary Transformations are designed to realize the aim of concealing the secret information to the least significant Qu-block representing color of the quantum cover image. Finally, the procedures of extracting the secret information are illustrated. Quantum image LSQu-block image information concealing algorithm can be applied in many fields according to different needs.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

References

  1. Qu, Z-G, Chen, X-B, Zhou, X-J, Niu, X-X, Yang, Y-X: Novel quantum steganography with large payload. Opt. Commun. 283(23), 4782–4786 (2010). ISSN 0030-4018

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. Mogos, G.: Stego quantum algorithm. In: International Symposium on Computer Science and its Applications, 2008. CSA ’08, pp. 187–190 (2008). doi:10.1109/CSA.2008.24

  3. Yan, F: Quantum computation-based image representation, processing operations and their applications. Entropy 16, 5290–5338 (2014). doi:10.3390/e16105290

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Al-Salhi, Y. E. A., Lu, S.: Achieving high throughput of steganography and steganalysis for concealing images information using buffers concept. Int. J. Data Netwr. Secur. 4(2) (2015)

  5. Ghazanfari, K., Ghaemmaghami, S., Khosravi, S.R.: LSB ++: an improvement to LSB + steganography. In: TENCON 2011—2011 IEEE Region 10 Conference, pp. 364–368 (2011). doi:10.1109/TENCON.2011.6129126 10.1109/TENCON.2011.6129126

  6. Bamatraf, A., Ibrahim, R., Salleh, M.N.B.M.: Digital watermarking algorithm using LSB. In: 2010 International Conference on Computer Applications and Industrial Electronics (ICCAIE), pp. 155–159 (2010)

  7. Li, C, Xu, W, Meng, L, Liu, B, Wang, Y, Wu, L: Realization of a LSB information hiding algorithm based on lifting wavelet transform image. In: 2011 International Conference on Mechatronic Science, Electric Engineering and Computer (MEC), pp. 1015–1018 (2011)

  8. Soleimanpourmoghadam, M., Nezamabadi-pour, H., Farsangi, M.M., Mahyabadi, M.: A more secure steganography method based on pair-wise LSB matching via a quantum gravitational search algorithm. In: 2012 16th CSI International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing (AISP), pp. 034–038 (2012)

  9. Hsu, C-S, Tu, S-F: Finding optimal LSB substitution using ant colony optimization algorithm. In: Second International Conference on Communication Software and Networks, 2010. ICCSN ’10, pp. 293–297 (2010). doi:10.1109/ICCSN.2010.61

  10. Yanli, Z: A novel LSB matching steganalysis detection algorithm based on characteristics of the second order difference Markov. In: 2012 International Conference on Management of e-Commerce and e-Government (ICMeCG), pp 68–71 (2012)

  11. Li, X, Chen, Y, Wang, F, Qinqin, T: The secret image sharing scheme based on improved LSB algorithm. In: 2014 International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), pp. 1–5 (2014)

  12. Yang, G-M, Zhou, Y: LSB algorithm research based on chaos. In: Ninth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems, 2009. HIS ’09, vol. 2, pp. 427–430 (2009)

  13. An, ZY, Liu, H: Research on digital watermark technology based on LSB algorithm. In: 2012 Fourth International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences (ICCIS), pp. 207–210 (2012)

  14. Yang, Y, Yu, P, Xu, J: An improved LSB algorithm based on multi-transformation. In: International Symposium on Information Science and Engineering, 2008. ISISE ’08, vol. 1, pp. 487–491 (2008)

  15. Deng, H, Xie, M, Zhang, L, Yao, Z: An improved LSB information hiding algorithm and its realization by C#. In: International Forum on Information Technology and Applications, 2009. IFITA ’09. vol. 1, pp. 759–763 (2009). doi:10.1109/IFITA.2009.33

  16. Cvejic, N., Seppanen, T.: A wavelet domain LSB insertion algorithm for high capacity audio steganography. In: Proceedings of 2002 IEEE 10th Digital Signal Processing Workshop, 2002 and the 2nd Signal Processing Education Workshop, pp. 53–55 (2002)

  17. Mihara, T: Quantum steganography using prior entanglement. Phys. Lett. A 379(12–13)

  18. Zhang, Y, Lu, K, Gao, Y, Wang, M: NEQR: a novel enhanced quantum representation of digital images. Quantum Inf. Process. 12, 2833–2860 (2013). doi:10.1007/s11128-013-0567-z

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Shaw, B. A., Brun, T. A: Quantum steganography with noisy quantum channels. J. Phys. Rev. A 83(2) (2011)

  20. Wang, S, Sang, J, Song, X, Niu, X: Least significant qubit (LSQb) information hiding algorithm for quantum image. Measurement 73, 352–359 (2015). doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2015.05.038. ISSN 0263-2241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Sun, X, Hu, B-L, Li, L-B, Wang, Z-H: An engineering prototype of Hadamard transform spectral imager based on Digital Micro-mirror Device. Opt. Laser Technol. 44(1), 210–217 (2012). doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2011.06.020. ISSN 0030-3992

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. Voronkov, A.: Satisfiability and theories. In: 2009 11th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing (SYNASC), pp. 16–16 (2009)

  23. Hogg, T, Portnov, D: Quantum clustering. arXiv:quant-ph/0006090, [v1] (2000)

  24. Ahmed, N.: Recent review on image clustering. In: Image Processing, IET, vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 1020–1032 (2015). doi:10.1049/iet-ipr.2014.088

  25. Zhang, J.: An improved quantum genetic algorithm for image segmentation. J. Comput. Inf. Syst. 7(11), 3979–3985 (2011). Available at http://www.Jofcis.com

    Google Scholar 

  26. Soleimanpourmoghadam, M., Nezamabadi-pour, H., Farsangi, M.M., Mahyabadi, M.: A more secure steganography method based on pair-wise LSB matching via a quantum gravitational search algorithm. In: 2012 16th CSI International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing (AISP), pp. 034–038 (2012). doi:10.1109/AISP.2012.6313713

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under (Grant No. 61173050).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Yahya E. A. AL-Salhi & Songfeng Lu

Authors
  1. Yahya E. A. AL-Salhi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Songfeng Lu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Songfeng Lu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

A. AL-Salhi, Y.E., Lu, S. Quantum Image Steganography and Steganalysis Based On LSQu-Blocks Image Information Concealing Algorithm. Int J Theor Phys 55, 3722–3736 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3001-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3001-3

Keywords

search

Navigation