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Local Ecological Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Sapajus flavius in a Key Area for Primate Conservation

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Abstract

Nonhuman primates play an important role in the culture of many human societies and in ecosystem functions and services. However, the populations of most species are declining due to anthropogenic pressures. Assessing how sociodemographic factors (e.g., age, sex, educational level, and residence time) affect peoples’ local ecological knowledge and attitudes towards a species can help further understanding of human-primate relationships at the local level and identify actors to promote effective conservation efforts. Thus, we investigated the local ecological knowledge and attitudes towards the conservation of Sapajus flavius, an endangered primate endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Northeast Brazil. We performed our study in two rural communities living in forest fragments, which are a key area for the conservation of S. flavius. We conducted 119 semistructured interviews, created indexes to measure respondents’ knowledge and attitudes, and found that their knowledge about S. flavius was medium to high, their attitude towards its conservation was positive overall, and that there was a moderate positive relationship between knowledge of the species and attitude to conservation. The level of local ecological knowledge was positively related to being male, higher age, longer residence time in the area, and lower educational levels, while the attitude towards the conservation of the species was positively related only to age. Older males who have lived longer in the region and have a lower educational level proved to be the most knowledgeable about the species. The overall positive attitude of the respondents suggests that communities should be further encouraged to participate in environmental education programs and action plans designed to increase primate habitat and connectivity in the region. These findings brought insights to guide future studies and actions to develop effective methods for the protection of Sapajus flavius populations.

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Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the respondents who participated and collaborated with the study, as well as the anonymous reviewers whose comments helped to improve and clarify this manuscript. The research was supported by an MSc fellowship from the Brazilian Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES) to AKSC, and a post-doctoral grant from Research Support Foundation of the State of Paraíba (FAPESQ-PB) awarded to MFDF. The authors also thank Javiera De la Fuente for her help adapting and plotting the map.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil

    Annyelle Kelly da Silva Costa

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Etnobiologia e Conservação da Natureza, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, PB, 58019-753, Campina Grande, Brazil

    María Fernanda De la Fuente & Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves

  3. Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil

    André Sobral

  4. Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

    Antonio Souto

  5. Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

    Nicola Schiel

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Contributions

AKSC and RRNA conceived and designed the study. RRNA supervise the study. AKSC collected data. MFDF performed the statistical analyses. MFDF interpreted and wrote the manuscript. RRNA, NS, AS, and A Sobral provided editorial advice.

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Correspondence to María Fernanda De la Fuente.

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da Silva Costa, A.K., De la Fuente, M.F., Sobral, A. et al. Local Ecological Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Sapajus flavius in a Key Area for Primate Conservation. Int J Primatol 44, 881–906 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-023-00364-9

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