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Temperature Dependence of Anisotropic Complex Conductivity of β-Ga2O3

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Abstract

Anisotropic conductivity and its temperature dependence of unintentionally doped and Fe-doped bulk (010) β-Ga2O3 were studied by using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) with the THz polarization being parallel to the [100] and the [001] directions. The responses to the THz waves were different along the a-axis and the c-axis, where the Drude and the Drude-Smith model were applied for fitting the data of these two axes, respectively. This suggests that the carriers travel along the a-axis as free carriers while those are highly localized along the c-axis. The unintentionally doped sample showed a unique temperature dependence, in particular, a decreasing trend of the real part of the complex conductivity with increasing temperature. This is attributed to carriers being completely thermally excited from shallow impurity levels, and afterward, the scattering behavior has been enhanced, causing the conductivity to decrease. Conversely, the Fe-doped sample showed little temperature dependence, indicating this sample to be thermally stable. Moreover, the mobility along the a-axis in the Fe-doped sample was estimated to be much higher than that along the c-axis.

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Data Availability

The data of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

K.W. acknowledges the support by Program for Leading Graduate Schools: “Interactive Materials Science Cadet Program” and Osaka University Fellowship: “Super Hierarchical Materials Science Program.”

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  1. Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Ke Wang, Kazunori Serita, Hironaru Murakami & Masayoshi Tonouchi

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K.W. and M.T. conceptualized the work. K.W. carried out the experiments. All authors discussed the results. K.W. and M.T analyzed data and wrote the paper. K.S., H.M. and M.T. commented on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Masayoshi Tonouchi.

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Wang, K., Serita, K., Murakami, H. et al. Temperature Dependence of Anisotropic Complex Conductivity of β-Ga2O3. J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 43, 612–627 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-022-00868-0

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