Abstract
Twenty-five faculty members were interviewed to determine how they supervised their Ph.D. students’ thesis preparation. A content analysis of the interview data indicated that the majority of them were task-focused. They supported their students intellectually, emotionally, and structurally. Some academics considered their students as colleagues, and a few developed research teams. Watching the students grow and develop and doing research with them as colleagues were the most enjoyable aspects of the supervision process. The integrated competing values framework (ICVF) was used to illustrate how most of the study participants were task-focused and were not able to deliver paradoxical roles; nor were they able to reflect on their supervisory capabilities and learn from those reflections.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
The use of the word “supervisor” in the Australian context is similar to “major professor” in the U.S. context.
References
Acker, S., Hill, T., & Black, E. (1994). Thesis supervision in the social sciences: Managed or negotiated? Higher Education, 28, 483–498.
Ainley, J. (2001). The 1999 postgraduate research experience questionnaire. Canberra, Australia: DETYA.
Argyris, C., & Schon, D. (1996). Organizational life 11: Theory, methods and practice. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Ash, S., & Clayton, P. (2004). The articulated learning: An approach to guided reflection and assessment. Innovative Higher Education, 29, 137–154.
Beasley, N. (1999). Staff development to support research supervision. In G. Wisker & N. Sutcliffe (Eds.), Good practice in postgraduate supervision (pp. 129–138). Birmingham, UK: Staff and Educational Development Association.
Bills, D. (2004). Supervisors’ conceptions of research and the implications for supervisor development. International Journal of Academic Development, 9, 85–97.
Booth, S., & Anderberg, E. (2005). Academic development for knowledge capabilities: Learning, reflecting and developing. Higher Education Research and Development, 24, 373–386.
Bourke, S., Holbrook, A., Lovat, T., & Dally, K. (2004, April). Characteristics, degree completion times and thesis quality of Australian Ph.D. candidates. Paper presented at the Quality in Postgraduate Research Conference: Re-imagining Research Education, Adelaide, South Australia.
Burnett, P. (1999). The supervision of doctoral dissertations using a collaborative cohort model. Counselor Education and Supervision, 39, 46–52.
Buttery, E., Richter, E., & Filho, W. (2005). An overview of the elements that influence efficiency in postgraduate supervisory practice arrangements. International Journal of Educational Management, 19, 7–26.
Council of Graduate Schools. (2005). Graduate enrollment in degrees report. Retrieved April 20, 2007, from http://www.cgsnet.org/Default.aspx?tabid=168.
Delamont, S., Atkinson, P., & Parry, O. (1997). Supervising the Ph.D.: A guide to success. Buckingham: The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press.
Denison, D., Hooijberg, R., & Quinn, R. (1995). Paradox and performance: Toward a theory of behavioral complexity in managerial leadership. Organizational Science, 6, 524–540.
DEST. (2005). Summary of student numbers, submission 1 2003 and submission 1 2004. Retrieved March 30, 2005; http://www.dest.gov.au/highered/statpub.htm.
Dorn, S., Papalewis, R., & Brown, R. (1995). Educators earning their doctorates: Doctoral student perceptions regarding cohesiveness and persistence. Education, 116, 305–314.
Eisenhardt, K., & Graebner, M. (2007). Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 50, 25–32.
Fontana, A., & Frey, J. (2005). The interview: From neutral stance to political involvement. In N. Denzin, & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), Qualitative research (3rd ed.) (pp. 695–728). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Fraser, R., & Mathews, A. (1999). An evaluation of the desirable characteristics of a supervisor. Australian Universities Review, 42, 5–7.
Gasson, S., & Reyes, L. (2004, April). Ph.D. completion within four years. Paper presented at the Quality in Postgraduate Research Conference: Re-imagining Research Education, Adelaide, South Australia.
Gurr, G. (2001). Negotiating the “rackety bridge”—A dynamic model for aligning supervisory style with research student development. Higher Education Research and Development, 20, 81–92.
Harman, G. (2002). Producing Ph.D. graduates in Australia for the knowledge economy. Higher Education Research and Development, 21, 179–190.
Heath, T. (2002). A quantitative analysis of Ph.D. students’ views of supervision. Higher Education Research and Development, 21, 41–53.
Hooijberg, R. (1992). Behavioral complexity and managerial effectiveness: A new perspective on managerial leadership. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Hooijberg, R., & Quinn, R. E. (1992). Behavioral complexity and the development of effective managers. In R. J. Philips, & J. G. Hunt (Eds.), Strategic management: A multiorganisational-level perspective (pp. 44–61). New York, NY: Quorum.
Insch, G., Moore, J., & Murphy, L. (1997). Content analysis in leadership research: Examples, procedures, and suggestions for future use. Leadership Quarterly, 8, 1–25.
Johnson, E., Green, K., & Kleuver, R. (2000a). Psychometric characteristics of the revised procrastination inventory. Research in Higher Education, 41, 267–279.
Johnson, L., Lee, A., & Green, B. (2000b). The Ph.D. and the autonomous self: Gender, rationality and postgraduate pedagogy. Studies in Higher Education, 25, 135–147.
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Latona, K., & Browne, M. (2001). Factors associated with completion of research higher degrees. Government report in Higher Education Series, 37. Canberra, ACT: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affairs—Higher Education Division.
O’Keefe, B. (2006, January 25). Women behind in academe (p. 22). The Australian.
Pearson, M., & Brew, A. (2002). Research training and supervision development. Studies in Higher Education, 27, 135–150.
Pearson, M., Evans, T., & Macauley, P. (2004). Editorial: The working life of doctoral students: Challenges for research education and training. Studies in Continuing Education, 26, 347–352.
Pearson, M., & Kayrooz, C. (2005). Enabling critical reflection on supervisory practice. International Journal of Academic Development, 9, 99–116.
Quinn, R. (1988). Beyond rational management: Mastering the paradoxes and competing demands of high performance. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Quinn, R., Faerman, S., Thompson, M., & McGrath, M. (2003). Becoming a master manager (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Wiley.
Robertson, D. (2005). Generative paradox in learner-centered college teaching. Innovative Higher Education, 29, 181–194.
Rogers, R. (2001). Reflection in higher education: A concept analysis. Innovative Higher Education, 26, 37–57.
Seagram, B., Gould, J., & Pyke, S. (1998). An investigation of gender and other variables on time to completion of doctoral degrees. Research in Higher Education, 39, 319–335.
Styles, I., & Radloff, A. (2001). The synergistic thesis: Student and supervisor perspectives. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 25, 98–106.
Tyler, J. (1998). Research training for the 21st century. Government report in Higher Education Series, 33. Canberra, ACT: DETYA.
Vilkinas, T. (2000). The gender factor in management: How significant others perceive effectiveness. Women in Management Review, 15(5/6), 261–271.
Vilkinas, T. (2002). The Ph.D. process: The supervisor as manager. Education and Training, 44, 129–137.
Vilkinas, T. (2005). The supervisor’s role as manager of the Ph.D. journey. In P. Green (Ed.), Supervising postgraduate research: Contexts and processes, theories and practices (pp. 163–177). Melbourne, Australia: RMIT University Press.
Vilkinas, T., & Cartan, G. (2001). The behavioral control room for managers: The integrator role. Leadership and Organisation Development Journal, 22(4), 175–185.
Vilkinas, T., & Cartan, G. (2006). The integrated competing values framework: Its spatial configuration. Journal of Management Development, 25, 505–521.
Wright, T., & Cochrane, R. (2002). Factors influencing successful submission of Ph.D. thesis. Studies in Higher Education, 25, 182–195.
Acknowledgments
I am grateful to the expert help of Barbara Brougham on this paper and also to Professor Libby Morris for her considerable assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vilkinas, T. An Exploratory Study of the Supervision of Ph.D./Research Students’ Theses. Innov High Educ 32, 297–311 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10755-007-9057-5
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10755-007-9057-5