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Argon Atmospheric Plasma Treatment Promotes Burn Healing by Stimulating Inflammation and Controlling the Redox State

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Abstract

Burns are a public health problem, with second-degree burns as one of the most common types. Although intense inflammation worsens burn healing, effective therapies are scarce. Thus, infections and hypertrophic scars may occur, which compromise patient quality of life and may delay healing. Argon atmospheric plasma (AP) has been shown to positively influence wound healing. In the context of identifying effective and alternative therapies for the treatment of second-degree burns, the present study evaluated AP in the treatment of second-degree burns in rats compared to that for sham treatment on the 2nd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days post-injury. Our results revealed proinflammatory effect for AP by recruiting predominantly neutrophils on the 7th day and macrophages on the 21st day compared to sham treatment, allowing a greater production of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-17, and also controlled the inflammation by IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. AP also showed antioxidant activity important for controlling oxidative damage on the 2nd day. This favored the induction of angiogenesis from the 2nd day and induction fibroplasia and fibrillogenesis after the 14th day, which enhanced burn healing with the formation of a thinner burn eschar before the 21st day post-burn. Thus, AP effectively modulated the inflammatory phase of second-degree burn healing through the control of oxidative damage that favored the following phases. Therefore, AP is a relevant alternative in the treatment of second-degree burns.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by FAPESP - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Grant number: 2017/00126-5) and Herminio Ometto Foundation - FHO. The authors also acknowledge the undergraduate students Kauan Alves and Aline Eugênio. We would like to thank Editage (https://www.editage.com) for English language editing.

Funding

This study was funded by FAPESP - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Grant number: 2017/00126–5) and Herminio Ometto Foundation - FHO.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program of Biomedical Sciences, University Center of Herminio Ometto Foundation – FHO, Dr. Maximiliano Baruto Avenue, 500. Jardim Universitario, Araras, SP, 13607-339, Brazil

    Lucas Buzeli de Souza, Jennyffer Ione de Souza Silva, Leonardo Bagne, Amanda Tavares Pereira, Maraiara Aparecida de Oliveira, Maria Esméria Corezola do Amaral, Andrea Aparecida de Aro, Marcelo Augusto Marretto Esquisatto, Gláucia Maria Tech dos Santos & Thiago Antônio Moretti de Andrade

  2. Surface - Engineering and Solutions by Plasma Ltda., Jose Rocha Bonfim Avenue, 214. Lot. Center Santa Genebra, Campinas, SP, 13080-658, Brazil

    Bruno Bellotti Lopes

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  1. Lucas Buzeli de Souza
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Contributions

Lucas Buzeli de Souza approved the version to be published, drafted the work, or revised it critically for important intellectual content; made substantial contributions to the analysis, or interpretation of data.

Jennyffer Ione de Souza Silva approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Leonardo Bagne approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Amanda Tavares Pereira approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Maraiara Aparecida de Oliveira approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Bruno Bellotti Lopes approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Maria Esméria Corezola do Amaral approved the version to be published, agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Andrea Aparecida de Aro approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Marcelo Augusto Marretto Esquisatto approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Gláucia Maria Tech dos Santos approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the analysis or interpretation of data.

Thiago Antônio Moretti de Andrade approved the version to be published, agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved, and made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data.

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Souza, L.B., Silva, J.I., Bagne, L. et al. Argon Atmospheric Plasma Treatment Promotes Burn Healing by Stimulating Inflammation and Controlling the Redox State. Inflammation 43, 2357–2371 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-020-01305-x

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