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Melatonin Alters the Mechanical and Thermal Hyperalgesia Induced by Orofacial Pain Model in Rats

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Abstract

Melatonin is a neuroendocrine hormone that presents a wide range of physiological functions including regulating circadian rhythms and sleep, enhancing immune function, sleep improvement, and antioxidant effects. In addition, melatonin has received special attention in pain treatment since it is effective and presents few adverse effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of acute dose of melatonin upon hyperalgesia induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant in a chronic orofacial pain model in Sprague–Dawley rats. Nociceptive behavior was assessed by facial Von Frey and the hot plate tests at baseline and thereafter 30, 60, and 120 min, 24 h, and 7 days after melatonin treatment. We demonstrated that acute melatonin administration alters mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia induced by an orofacial pain model (TMD), highlighting that the melatonin effect upon mechanical hyperalgesia remained until 7 days after its administration. Besides, we observed specific tissue profiles of neuroimmunomodulators linked to pain conditions and/or melatonin effect (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and interleukins 6 and 10) in the brainstem levels, and its effects were state-dependent of the baseline of these animals.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the following Brazilian funding agencies: the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, CNPq (I.L.S. Torres, V.L. Scarabelot, L.F. Medeiros, J.S. Freitas); the Committee for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, CAPES (C. de Oliveira, L.N.S. Adachi, I.C. de Macedo); Graduate Research Group of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, GPPG (I.L.S. Torres, grant 12-0104), FAPERGS/PRONEM (Dr. I.LS. Torres, grant no. 11/2050), and Grant Doc-Fix FAPERGS/CAPES/09-2012 (A. S. Quevedo).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Health Basic Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil

    Vanessa Leal Scarabelot & Iraci Lucena da Silva Torres

  2. Laboratory of Pain Pharmacology and Neuromodulation: Preclinical Research, Pharmacology Department, Health Basic Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500 sala 305, Porto Alegre, 90050-170, RS, Brazil

    Vanessa Leal Scarabelot, Liciane Fernandes Medeiros, Carla de Oliveira, Lauren Naomi Spezia Adachi, Isabel Cristina de Macedo, Stefania Giotti Cioato, Joice S. de Freitas, Andressa de Souza, Alexandre Quevedo & Iraci Lucena da Silva Torres

  3. Animal Experimentation Unit and Graduate Research Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, RS, Brazil

    Vanessa Leal Scarabelot, Liciane Fernandes Medeiros, Carla de Oliveira, Lauren Naomi Spezia Adachi, Isabel Cristina de Macedo, Stefania Giotti Cioato, Joice S. de Freitas & Iraci Lucena da Silva Torres

  4. Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Carla de Oliveira, Lauren Naomi Spezia Adachi & Iraci Lucena da Silva Torres

  5. Department of Surgery in Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, RS, Brazil

    Wolnei Caumo

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  1. Vanessa Leal Scarabelot
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Correspondence to Iraci Lucena da Silva Torres.

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Scarabelot, V.L., Medeiros, L.F., de Oliveira, C. et al. Melatonin Alters the Mechanical and Thermal Hyperalgesia Induced by Orofacial Pain Model in Rats. Inflammation 39, 1649–1659 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-016-0399-y

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