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Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Induction of Calprotectin in the Submandibular and Parotid Glands of Mice

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Abstract

S100A8 and S100A9 constitute a heterodimeric protein, calprotectin. The mRNAs of S100A8 and S100A9, being expressed at minimal levels in the submandibular and parotid glands (SMG and PG, respectively) of C3H/HeN mice, were induced strongly and transiently by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Among the mRNAs of members of the S100 protein family examined, those of S100A8 and S100A9 were specifically induced by LPS in the salivary glands. The induction was assumed to be mediated via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), since their elevation was limited in C3H/HeJ mice, a TLR4-mutant strain. These proteins became expressed in the granular convoluted tubular cells and striated duct cells in the SMG, and in both acinar and duct cells in the PG (all in the cytoplasm). The salivary calprotectin level was not increased by LPS treatment, implying that elevated calprotectin was not secreted into the saliva and that they may function in microcellular environment of the salivary gland.

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Abbreviations

DAPI:

4′, 6-diamidoino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride

GCT:

Granular convoluted tubule

IL:

Interleukin

ME:

Medium Electroendosmosis

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor-κB

Nod1:

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1

PG:

Parotid gland

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

PI:

Propidium iodide

RT-PCR:

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction

SD:

Striated duct

SMG:

Submandibular gland

TLR4:

Toll-like receptor 4

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

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Author notes

  1. Ahmad Azlina

    Present address: School of Dental Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia

  2. Chenjuan Yao

    Present address: Department of Medicine and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Health Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Oral Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan

    Purevjav Javkhlan, Yuka Hiroshima, Ahmad Azlina, Takahiro Hasegawa, Chenjuan Yao, Tetsuya Akamatsu & Kazuo Hosoi

  2. Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan

    Purevjav Javkhlan, Jun-ichi Kido & Toshihiko Nagata

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  1. Purevjav Javkhlan
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  2. Yuka Hiroshima
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Correspondence to Kazuo Hosoi.

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This work was submitted to the Graduate School of Oral Sciences, The University of Tokushima as a part of a dissertation for the Doctorate of Philosophy Degree.

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Javkhlan, P., Hiroshima, Y., Azlina, A. et al. Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Induction of Calprotectin in the Submandibular and Parotid Glands of Mice. Inflammation 34, 668–680 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-010-9277-1

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