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Squamous Carcinoma Cells Influence Monocyte Phenotype and Suppress Lipopolysaccharide-Induced TNF-alpha in Monocytes

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Abstract

Bacteria and chronic inflammation are present in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), but their roles in the pathogenesis of HNSCC are unclear. Our studies described here revealed that human monocytes co-cultured short term with HNSCC cells were more likely to express CD16, and CD16+ small mononuclear cells were common in HNSCC specimens. In addition, we identified monocytes as the primary source of LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the monocyte-HNSCC co-cultures. Remarkably, relative to LPS-stimulated monocytes cultured alone, HNSCC cells profoundly suppressed LPS-induced TNF-alpha in monocytes, without compromising IL-6 production. High levels of cytoprotective factors like IL-6 and low levels of TNF-alpha are important for the tumor microenvironment that enables tumor cell survival, affects monocyte differentiation and may contribute to tumor colonization by bacteria. This study provides novel observations that HNSCC cells affect monocyte phenotype and function, which are relevant to the regulation of the HNSCC microenvironment.

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Abbreviations

CCR:

CC chemokine receptor

DC:

Dendritic cell(s)

DC-SIGN:

DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing non-integrin

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

FACS:

Fluorescence-activated cell sorting

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

GLM:

Generalized linear model

HBD:

Human beta-defensin

HLA-DR:

Human leukocyte antigen-DR (class II)

HNSCC:

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

HRP-DAB:

Horseradish peroxidase-diaminobenzidine

IHC:

Immunohistochemistry

IL:

Interleukin

KSFM:

Keratinocyte Serum-Free Medium

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MFI:

Mean fluorescence intensity

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

SAS:

Statistical analysis software

STAT:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

TMB:

Tetramethylbenzidine

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Department of Pathology, UI College of Medicine, and especially Teresa Duling, for access to flow cytometry. We thank Dr. Al Klingelhutz (University of Iowa) and Dr. David Levy (NYU) for the review and critique of the manuscript.

Supported by NIH2RO1DE11139-05A2 (ZBK), American Cancer Society Grant #IN-122V administered by The University of Iowa Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center (ZBK), Anandamahidol Foundation (AL), the University of Iowa Dental Student Research Assistantship program (DH), the Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, and New York University College of Dentistry.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, NYU College of Dentistry, 345 E. 24th St., Rm 837S (office), 1010S (lab), New York, NY, 10010, USA

    Aroonwan Lam-ubol & Zoya B. Kurago

  2. Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Aroonwan Lam-ubol

  3. Oral Surgery, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA

    Dustin Hopkin

  4. Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Elena M. Letuchy

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  1. Aroonwan Lam-ubol
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Correspondence to Zoya B. Kurago.

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Lam-ubol, A., Hopkin, D., Letuchy, E.M. et al. Squamous Carcinoma Cells Influence Monocyte Phenotype and Suppress Lipopolysaccharide-Induced TNF-alpha in Monocytes. Inflammation 33, 207–223 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-009-9175-6

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