Abstract
The ASACUSA collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator of CERN aims at a precise measurement of the antihydrogen ground-state hyperfine structure as a test of the fundamental CPT symmetry. A beam of antihydrogen atoms is formed in a CUSP trap, undergoes Rabi-type spectroscopy and is detected downstream in a dedicated antihydrogen detector. In parallel measurements using a polarized hydrogen beam are being performed to commission the spectroscopy apparatus and to perform measurements of parameters of the Standard Model Extension (SME). The current status of antihydrogen spectroscopy is reviewed and progress of ASACUSA is presented.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Tanabashi, M., et al.: (Particle data group): review of particle properties. Phys. Rev. D 98, 010001 (2018)
Ahmadi, M., Alves, B.X.R., Baker, C.J., Bertsche, W., Butler, E., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C.L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M.C., Gill, D.R., Gutierrez, A., Hangst, J.S., Hardy, W.N., Hayden, M.E., Isaac, C.A., Ishida, A., Johnson, M.A., Jones, S.A., Jonsell, S., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Mathers, M., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J.T.K., Menary, S., Michan, J.M., Momose, T., Munich, J.J., Nolan, P., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C.Ã., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R.L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D.M., Stracka, S., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T.D., Thompson, J.E., Thompson, R.I., van der Werf, D.P., Wurtele, J.S.: Observation of the hyperfine spectrum of antihydrogen. Nature 548, 66 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23446
Ahmadi, M., Alves, B.X.R., Baker, C.J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C.L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M.C., Gill, D.R., Hangst, J.S., Hardy, W.N., Hayden, M.E., Isaac, C.A., Johnson, M.A., Jones, J.M., Jones, S.A., Jonsell, S., Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D. , McKenna, J.T.K., Menary, S., Momose, T., Munich, J.J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C.Ã., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R.L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D.M., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T.D., Thompson, R.I., van der Werf, D.P., Wurtele, J.S.: Characterization of the 1s-2s transition in antihydrogen. Nature 557 (7703), 71–75 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0017-2
Crivelli, P., Cooke, D., Heiss, M.W.: Antiproton charge radius. Phys. Rev. D 94, 052008 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.052008, https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.94.052008
Ulmer, S., Smorra, C., Mooser, A., Franke, K., Nagahama, H., Schneider, G., Higuchi, T., Van Gorp, S., Blaum, K., Matsuda, Y., et al.: High-precision comparison of the antiproton-to-proton charge-to-mass ratio. Nature 524(7564), 196–199 (2015)
Smorra, C., Sellner, S., Borchert, M.J., Harrington, J.A., Higuchi, T., Nagahama, H., Tanaka, T., Mooser, A., Schneider, G., Bohman, M., Blaum, K., Matsuda, Y., Ospelkaus, C., Quint, W., Walz, J., Yamazaki, Y., Ulmer, S.: A parts-per-billion measurement of the antiproton magnetic moment. Nature 550, 371 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24048
Colladay, D., Kostelecký, V.A.: CPT violation and the standard model. Phys. Rev. D 55, 6760–6774 (1997)
Kostelecký, V., Russell, N.: Data tables for Lorentz and CPT violation. Rev. Mod. Phys. 83(1), 11–32 (2011)
Kostelecky, A., Russell, N.: Data Tables for Lorentz and CPT Violation. arXiv:0801.0287 (2018)
Charlton, M., Eades, J., Horvath, D., Hughes, R., Zimmermann, C.: Antihydrogen physics. Phys. Rep. 241(2), 65–117 (1994)
Hori, M., Walz, J.: Physics at CERN’s antiproton decelerator. Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 72, 206–253 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2013.02.004. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0146641013000069
Ahmadi, M., Alves, B.X.R., Baker, C.J., Bertsche, W., Capra, A., Carruth, C., Cesar, C.L., Charlton, M., Cohen, S., Collister, R., Eriksson, S., Evans, A., Evetts, N., Fajans, J., Friesen, T., Fujiwara, M.C., Gill, D.R., Hangst, J.S., Hardy, W.N., Hayden, M.E., Hunter, E.D., Isaac, C.A., Johnson, M.A., Jones, J.M., Jones, S.A., Jonsell, S., Khramov, A., Knapp, P., Kurchaninov, L., Madsen, N., Maxwell, D., McKenna, J.T.K., Menary, S., Michan, J.M., Momose, T., Munich, J.J., Olchanski, K., Olin, A., Pusa, P., Rasmussen, C.Ã., Robicheaux, F., Sacramento, R.L., Sameed, M., Sarid, E., Silveira, D.M., Starko, D.M., Stutter, G., So, C., Tharp, T.D., Thompson, R.I., van der Werf, D.P., Wurtele, J.S.: Observation of the 1s-2p Lyman-α transition in antihydrogen. Nature 561, 211 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0435-1
Widmann, E., Eades, J., Hayano, R.S., Hori, M., Horváth, D., Ishikawa, T., Juhász, B., Sakaguchi, J., Torii, H.A., Yamaguchi, H., Yamazaki, T.: Hyperfine structure measurements of antiprotonic helium and antihydrogen. In: S.G. Karshenboim, F.S. Pavone, F. Bassani, M. Inguscio, T.W. Hansch (eds.) The Hydrogen Atom: Precision Physics of Simple Atomic Systems, Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 570, pp. 528–542. Springer, Berlin. arXiv:nucl-ex/0102002(2001)
Widmann, E., Diermaier, M., Juhász, B., Malbrunot, C., Massiczek, O., Sauerzopf, C., Suzuki, K., Wünschek, B., Zmeskal, J., Federmann, S., Kuroda, N., Ulmer, S., Yamazaki, Y.: Measurement of the hyperfine structure of antihydrogen in a beam. Hyperfine Interact. 215 (1-3), 1–8 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-013-0809-6. arXiv:1301.4670
Rabi, I.I., Zacharias, J.R., Millman, S., Kusch, P.: A new method of measuring nuclear magnetic moment. Phys. Rev. 53, 318 (1938)
Kuroda, N., Tajima, M., Radics, B., Dupré, P., Nagata, Y., Kaga, C., Kanai, Y., Leali, M., Rizzini, E.L., Mascagna, V., Matsudate, T., Breuker, H., Higaki, H., Matsuda, Y., Ulmer, S., Venturelli, L., Yamazaki, Y.: Antihydrogen synthesis in a double-cusp trap. https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.18.011009. https://journals.jps.jp/doi/abs/10.7566/JPSCP.18.011009 (2017)
Kuroda, N., Torii, H., Franzen, K., Wang, Z., Yoneda, S., Inoue, M., Hori, M., Juhász, B., Horváth, D., Higaki, H., Mohri, A., Eades, J., Komaki, K., Yamazaki, Y.: Confinement of a large number of antiprotons and production of an ultraslow antiproton beam. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94(2), 023401 (2005)
Mohri, A., Yamazaki, Y.: A possible new scheme to synthesize antihydrogen and to prepare a polarised antihydrogen beam. Europhys. Lett. 63, 207 (2003)
Gabrielse, G., Rolston, S., Haarsma, L., Kells, W.: Antihydrogen production using trapped plasmas. Phys. Lett. A 129, 38–42 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9601(88)90470-7. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0375960188904707
Enomoto, Y., Kuroda, N., Michishio, K., Kim, C.H., Higaki, H., Nagata, Y., Kanai, Y., Torii, H.A., Corradini, M., Leali, M., Lodi-Rizzini, E., Mascagna, V., Venturelli, L., Zurlo, N., Fujii, K., Ohtsuka, M., Tanaka, K., Imao, H., Nagashima, Y., Matsuda, Y., Juhász, B., Mohri, A., Yamazaki, Y.: Synthesis of cold antihydrogen in a cusp trap. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(24), 243401 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.243401
Kuroda, N., Ulmer, S., Murtagh, D.J., Van Gorp, S., Nagata, Y., Diermaier, M., Federmann, S., Leali, M., Malbrunot, C., Mascagna, V., Massiczek, O., Michishio, K., Mizutani, T., Mohri, A., Nagahama, H., Ohtsuka, M., Radics, B., Sakurai, S., Sauerzopf, C., Suzuki, K., Tajima, M., Torii, H.A., Venturelli, L., Wünschek, B., Zmeskal, J., Zurlo, N., Higaki, H., Kanai, Y., Lodi Rizzini, E., Nagashima, Y., Matsuda, Y., Widmann, E., Yamazaki, Y.: A source of antihydrogen for in-flight hyperfine spectroscopy. Nat. Commun. 5, 3089 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4089
Kolbinger, B., Amsler, C., Breuker, H., Diermaier, M., Dupré, P., Fleck, M., Gligorova, A., Higaki, H., Kanai, Y., Kobayashi, T., Leali, M., Mäckel, V., Malbrunot, C., Mascagna, V., Massiczek, O., Matsuda, Y., Murtagh, D., Nagata, Y., Sauerzopf, C., Simon, M.C., Tajima, M., Ulmer, S., Kuroda, N., Venturelli, L., Widmann, E., Yamazaki, Y., Zmeskal, J.: Recent developments from ASACUSA on antihydrogen detection. EPJ Web of Conferences 181, 01003 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818101003
Malbrunot, C., Amsler, C., Arguedas Cuendis, S., Breuker, H., Dupré, P., Fleck, M., Higaki, H., Kanai, Y., Kolbinger, B., Kuroda, N., Leali, M., Mäckel, V., Mascagna, V., Massiczek, O., Matsuda, Y., Nagata, Y., Simon, M.C., Spitzer, H., Tajima, M., Ulmer, S., Venturelli, L., Widmann, E., Wiesinger, M., Yamazaki, Y., Zmeskal, J.: The ASACUSA antihydrogen and hydrogen program: results and prospects. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London a: mathematical. Phys. Eng. Sci. 376(2116), 20170273 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0273. http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/376/2116/20170273
Diermaier, M., Jepsen, C.B., Kolbinger, B., Malbrunot, C., Massiczek, O., Sauerzopf, C., Simon, M.C., Zmeskal, J., Widmann, E.: In-beam measurement of the hydrogen hyperfine splitting and prospects for antihydrogen spectroscopy. Nat. Comm. 8, 15749 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15749
Hellwig, H., Vessot, R.F., Levine, M.W., Zitzewitz, P.W., Allan, D.W., Glaze, D.J.: Measurement of the unperturbed hydrogen hyperfine transition frequency. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 19(4), 200–209 (1970)
Karshenboim, S.G.: Some possibilities for laboratory searches for variations of fundamental constants. Can. J. Phys. 78(7), 639–678 (2000)
Kostelecký, V.A., Vargas, A.J.: Lorentz and CPT tests with hydrogen, antihydrogen, and related systems. Phys. Rev. D 92, 056002 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.92.056002. http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.92.056002
McKeehan, L.W.: Combinations of circular currents for producing uniform magnetic field gradients. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 7(4), 178–179 (1936). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1752110
Arguedas Cuendis, S.: Measuring the hydrogen ground-state hyperfine splitting through the π 1 and σ 1 transitions. M. thesis, Universität Wien. Fakultät für Physik. http://othes.univie.ac.at/22584/ (2017)
Wiesinger, M.: Design and implementation of new optics for the atomic hydrogen beam of ASACUSA’s antihydrogen hyperfine spectrscopy experiment. M. thesis, Technische Universität Wien. http://othes.univie.ac.at/22584/ (2017)
Breit, G., Rabi, I.I.: Measurement of nuclear spin. Phys. Rev. 38, 2082–2083 (1931). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.38.2082.2. https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRev.38.2082.2
Kolbinger, B., Capon, A., Diermaier, M., Lehner, S., Malbrunot, C., Massiczek, O., Sauerzopf, C., Simon, M.C., Widmann, E.: Numerical simulations of hyperfine transitions of antihydrogen. Hyperfine Interact. 233(1), 47–51 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-015-1130-3
Acknowledgements
Open access funding provided by Austrian Science Fund (FWF). This work has been supported by the European Research Council under European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement (291242), the Austrian Ministry of Science and Research, the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): W1252-N27, a Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research (24000008) of MEXT and the RIKEN Pioneering Project. We express our gratitude towards the AD group of CERN.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Symmetries in Subatomic Physics (SSP 2018), Aachen, Germany, 10-15 June 2018
Edited by Hans Ströher, Jörg Pretz, Livia Ludhova and Achim Stahl
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Widmann, E., Amsler, C., Arguedas Cuendis, S. et al. Hyperfine spectroscopy of hydrogen and antihydrogen in ASACUSA. Hyperfine Interact 240, 5 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-018-1536-9
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-018-1536-9