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Production of slow protonium in vacuum

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Abstract

We descrbe how protonium, the quasi-stable antiproton-proton bound system, has been synthesized following the interaction of antiprotons with the molecular ion \( {\rm H}_2^+\) in a nested Penning trap environment. From a careful analysis of the spatial distributions of antiproton annihilation events in the ATHENA experiment, evidence is presented for protonium production with sub-eV kinetic energies in states around n = 70, with low angular momenta. This work provides a new two-body system for studies using laser spectroscopic techniques.

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Author notes

  1. A. Kellerbauer

    Present address: Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Research, P.O. Box 103980, 69029, Heidelberg, Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Chimica e Fisica per l’Ingegneria e per i Materiali, Università di Brescia, 25133, Brescia, Italy

    N. Zurlo, E. Lodi Rizzini & L. Venturelli

  2. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Gruppo Collegato di Brescia, 25133, Brescia, Italy

    N. Zurlo, E. Lodi Rizzini & L. Venturelli

  3. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova, 16146, Genova, Italy

    M. Amoretti, C. Carraro, V. Lagomarsino, M. Macrì, G. Manuzio, G. Testera & A. Variola

  4. Physik-Institut, Zürich University, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland

    C. Amsler, H. Pruys & C. Regenfus

  5. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Università di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy

    G. Bonomi

  6. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    G. Bonomi, A. Fontana, P. Genova, P. Montagna & A. Rotondi

  7. Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, 16146, Genova, Italy

    C. Carraro, V. Lagomarsino & G. Manuzio

  8. Instituto de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21945-970, Brazil

    C. L. Cesar

  9. Department of Physics, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK

    M. Charlton, L. V. Jørgensen, N. Madsen, D. Mitchard & D. P. Van der Werf

  10. Physics Department, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland

    M. Doser, A. Kellerbauer & R. Landua

  11. Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica, Università di Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy

    A. Fontana, P. Genova, P. Montagna & A. Rotondi

  12. Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan

    R. Funakoshi, R. S. Hayano & L. G. Posada

  13. Atomic Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan

    Y. Yamazaki

Authors
  1. N. Zurlo
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  2. M. Amoretti
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  3. C. Amsler
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  4. G. Bonomi
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  5. C. Carraro
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  6. C. L. Cesar
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  7. M. Charlton
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  8. M. Doser
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  9. A. Fontana
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  10. R. Funakoshi
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  11. P. Genova
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  12. R. S. Hayano
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  13. L. V. Jørgensen
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  14. A. Kellerbauer
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  15. V. Lagomarsino
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  16. R. Landua
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  17. E. Lodi Rizzini
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  18. M. Macrì
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  19. N. Madsen
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  20. G. Manuzio
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  21. D. Mitchard
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  22. P. Montagna
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  23. L. G. Posada
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  25. C. Regenfus
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  26. A. Rotondi
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  27. G. Testera
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  28. D. P. Van der Werf
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  29. A. Variola
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  30. L. Venturelli
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  31. Y. Yamazaki
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. Zurlo.

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Zurlo, N., Amoretti, M., Amsler, C. et al. Production of slow protonium in vacuum. Hyperfine Interact 172, 97–105 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-007-9529-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-007-9529-0

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