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Influence of river channel typology on aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in tropical streams

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Abstract

River typology is determined by a set of hydrological and geomorphological characteristics, which can determine the structure of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities throughout a watershed. In this study we aim to address the gap of knowledge in the classification of the typology of Neotropical rivers and determine their association with macroinvertebrate assemblages. In total, 138 sites from 107 rivers were sampled in Costa Rica, between years 2015 and 2020. Rivers were classified into V, Tr and U typologies based on the shape of the riverbed, substrates, current velocity and contact with riparian forest. The affinity of aquatic macroinvertebrate taxa to each typology was determined. The results confirmed a clear separation of the aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages between the typologies, and we observed that some genera showed affinity to a specific typology: Macrobrachium and Caenis are related to U-type; Simulium and Anacroneuria to V-type, while Americabaetis and Thraulodes to Tr-type. This separation was related to in-stream habitat supply and substrate characteristics, yet there was an overlap of shared taxa between the V and Tr-type, and between the Tr and U-type. Our study linked 238 taxa to three river typologies, highlighting the importance of river hydrogeomorphology as a robust factor structuring the macroinvertebrate assemblages in tropical streams. River channel typology should be considered a relevant explanatory variable when studying macroinvertebrate responses, not only within ecological studies, but also for biomonitoring and risk assessment related to land use changes, pollution, or watershed management.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the water directorate of MINAE, which financed the sampling for six years. Lidia Avilés, Sarita Poltronieri, Beatriz Naranjo and Francisco Bravo who participated in the aquatic macroinvertebrate collection surveys and identification. Denis Salas-González for mapping the sampling sites. Jennifer Crowe and Aura M. Alonso-Rodríguez for reviewing the use of the english language.

Funding

This work was supported by Dirección de Agua del Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía (MINAE), Contract 0432019001200051-00, and Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, 86-3000, Heredia, Costa Rica

    Francisco Quesada-Alvarado & Silvia Echevería-Sáenz

  2. Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA

    Pablo E. Gutiérrez-Fonseca

  3. Department of Biology, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica

    Darha Solano-Ulate & Alejandra Jiménez-Fretes

  4. Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), 10108, San José, Costa Rica

    Jenny Bermudez-Monge

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  1. Francisco Quesada-Alvarado
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Quesada-Alvarado, F., Gutiérrez-Fonseca, P.E., Solano-Ulate, D. et al. Influence of river channel typology on aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in tropical streams. Hydrobiologia 851, 1825–1840 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-023-05419-9

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