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A new trophic index (TIM2S) to evaluate trophic alteration of small shallow lakes: a predictive reference-based approach

Hydrobiologia volume 850, pages 519–536 (2023)Cite this article

Abstract

Small shallow lakes (SSLs) have great conservation value and support numerous ecosystem services. However, these small ecosystems are faced with many threats, including eutrophication, which tends to shift biodiverse SSLs to a turbid state dominated by phytoplankton. The ecological quality of SSLs still remains poorly evaluated because of the lack of adapted tools. We propose a new trophic index—TIM2S—based on the tolerance range of 245 macrophyte species to total phosphorus. As a single trophic index can favour oligotrophic ecosystems and their associated species to the detriment of more eutrophic but rare species, we converted TIM2S into a predictive reference-based model. Then, we compared TIM2S with five existing trophic indices in their efficiency to discriminate trophic levels and disentangle eight anthropogenic or internal pressures. TIM2S was the only index strongly correlated with total phosphorus and able to discriminate trophic levels. Most existing trophic indices are expert-based, and reflect community alteration rather than eutrophication. These expert-based indices are also dependent on numerous environmental factors, highlighting the need for robust predictive models to evaluate ecological statuses accurately. TIM2S is Water Framework Directive-compatible and can be used widely in Europe to evaluate the trophic status and trophic alterations of SSLs.

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Data availability

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to private funding.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Aquabio team, especially Joyce Lambert, David Serrette, and Nicolas Tarozzi, who assisted the first author in macrophyte sampling and identification, and Jerome Simon, Anthony Antoine and Benjamin Poujardieu who performed the IBML relevés. We also thank the Water Agencies Adour-Garonne and Loire-Bretagne, the Pyrenees National Park, the Regional Natural Parks of Bauges, Ballon des Vosges, Causses du Quercy, Perigord-Limousin, Plateau des Millevaches, Prealps Cotes d’Azur, Volcans d’Auvergne, and Vosges du Nord; the EPTB Seine Grands Lacs; the Regional Conservatories of Natural Spaces of Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bourgogne, and Lorraine; the French National Forestry Office; the French National Office of Hunting and Wildlife; the Chartered Fisheries and Aquatic Environment Protection Departmental Federations of Dordogne, Gironde, Puy de Dôme and Vosges; the Gironde Hunting Federation; Pinail and Glomel Reserve Associations, and the communities of the cities of Andernos, Sage-Blavet, and Tregor-Lannion. Special thanks to the managers or site owners who granted us permission to carry out sampling. The BIOME project was labelled by the scientific council of DREAM Competitiveness Cluster.

Funding

This research followed the BIOME (BIOindication des Mares et Etangs) Project, funded by Aquabio, and the call for proposals “IPME Biodiversité” launched by ADEME, Grant Number 1682C0129, with the Chartered Fisheries and Aquatic Environment Protection Departmental Federations of Gironde.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aquabio, 41, Rue Des Frères Lumière, 63100, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    Frederic Labat

  2. Université Rennes 1, UMRCNRS 6553, ECOBIO, 35000, Rennes, France

    Gabrielle Thiebaut

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  1. Frederic Labat
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  2. Gabrielle Thiebaut
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Correspondence to Frederic Labat.

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10750_2022_5098_MOESM1_ESM.csv

Supplementary Table S1 – New trophic profiles of plants. IV = indicator value, W = weighted value (ecological tolerance), N = number of observations in the dataset (CSV 9 kb)

Supplementary file1 (CSV 5 kb)

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Labat, F., Thiebaut, G. A new trophic index (TIM2S) to evaluate trophic alteration of small shallow lakes: a predictive reference-based approach. Hydrobiologia 850, 519–536 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-05098-y

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