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Environmental heterogeneity increases dissimilarity in zooplankton functional traits along a large Neotropical river

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Abstract

Beta diversity is the variability in species composition among sampling units for a given area and can be influenced by several environmental drivers, including environmental heterogeneity. Here, we considered the contribution of seven tributaries flowing into the Upper Paraná River channel as the mains drivers of environmental heterogeneity and zooplankton beta diversity. We used Mantel test to examine the relationships between zooplankton functional beta diversity components (total, turnover, and nestedness) and environmental and geographical distance. Generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM) was run to test which environmental variables were the best predictors of beta diversity components. Mantel’s test results revealed that total beta diversity was positively related with environmental heterogeneity in almost all periods. GDM analysis results showed that total beta and turnover were related to temperature, organic suspended matter, dissolved oxygen, NH4, and pH, while nestedness was influenced by depth and geographic distances. Our results support the idea that smaller rivers are a main source of diversity for large rivers, especially the ones with cascading reservoirs. Overall, our study shoes that variation in limnological variables results in higher dissimilarity in zooplankton communities and that environmental change filters and sorts species according to their functional traits.

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Acknowledgements

We thank CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) for granting a scholarships for the authors. Nupelia/UEM, CORIPA, and ICMBio for providing access to infrastructure and sampling facilities.

Funding

This work was supported by the Universal CNPq Project “Upper Paraná River: Longitudinal gradient of environmental variables and aquatic communities in the last non-dammed stretch (between Porto Primavera and Itaipu reservoirs)” (Process 478629/2012-5).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil

    Bárbhara Isabella Oenning Ribeiro, Louizi de Souza Magalhães Braghin, Fernando Miranda Lansac-Tôha, Francieli Fátima Bomfim, Cláudia Costa Bonecker & Fábio Amôdeo Lansac-Tôha

  2. Department of Wetland Ecology, Doñana Biological Station, Seville, Spain

    Bia A. Almeida

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  1. Bárbhara Isabella Oenning Ribeiro
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Contributions

Conceptualization: (BIOR, FALT, and CCB). Methodology, data collection, and laboratory analysis: (BIOR and FdFB); species identification: (BIOR and LdSMB); statistical analyses: (FMLT, FdFB, and BdAA). Writing and original draft preparation: (BIOR); writing, reviewing, and editing of the manuscript: (LdSMB, FMLT, FdFB, BdAA, CCB, and FALT); funding acquisition: (FALT); and supervision: (FALT and CCB). All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bárbhara Isabella Oenning Ribeiro.

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Ribeiro, B.I.O., Braghin, L.d.S.M., Lansac-Tôha, F.M. et al. Environmental heterogeneity increases dissimilarity in zooplankton functional traits along a large Neotropical river. Hydrobiologia 849, 3135–3147 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04917-6

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