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Congruence and responsiveness in the taxonomic compositions of Amazonian aquatic macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages

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Abstract

Stream degradation in Amazonia is outpacing our ability to effectively monitor it for three key reasons: (1) Many changes are cumulative and occur gradually; (2) Scientists have failed to clearly link anthropogenic disturbances with ecological and economic indicators of concern to decision makers and the public; (3) There are too many potential indicators to assess in a cost-effective manner. Therefore, we sought to assess congruency at three taxonomic resolutions (species, genus and family) and between assemblages (fish species and macroinvertebrate genera) and groups of taxa (fish: Characiformes and Siluriformes; macroinvertebrates: Anisoptera, Heteroptera, Odonata, Trichoptera, Zygoptera, EPT [Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera] and THZ [Trichoptera, Heteroptera and Zygoptera]). To do so, we assessed taxonomic, land-use and habitat data from 92 stream sites in the eastern Amazonian state of Pará. We found that anthropogenic disturbances of our sites influenced abundance and incidence of macroinvertebrate and fish taxa, but the two assemblages responded to slightly different stressors. Family and genera levels were suitable substitutes for similarity patterns measured at the macroinvertebrate genera and fish species levels, respectively. Odonata, Trichoptera, EPT and THZ were highly congruent with whole macroinvertebrate assemblage (genus level) variation. Characiformes was also congruent with whole fish assemblage (species level) variation. Congruence among macroinvertebrates and fish was intermediate (55% to 79%) and related to differing responses to environmental variables. Our results suggest that some groups (e.g., Odonata, Trichoptera and Characiformes) are useful surrogates of macroinvertebrate or fish assemblages to evaluate anthropogenic disturbance in Amazonian streams.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Toby Gardner for program coordination, leadership, and his amazing level of enthusiasm for such a complex project. We greatly appreciate the willing support of the workers unions and many collaborating private landowners in Santarém–Belterra and Paragominas. AMO Pes (Trichoptera), FAA Lencioni (Odonata), FFF Moreira (Heteroptera), JMC Nascimento (Leptophlebiidae), PV Cruz (Baetidae), and UG Neiss (Odonata) helped identify macroinvertebrates. We thank Jansen Zuanon and Silvio FB Ferraz for fundamental help in sampling design and data acquisition. RTM received post-doctoral fellowships from FIXAM/FAPEAM (062.01558/2018) and visiting researcher fellowships from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq 380592/2022-3). Individual scholarships were received from CNPq (156915/2011-1) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)—Programa de Doutorado-sanduiche no Exterior (PDSE 1914-13-8) to RPL; CAPES--PDSE (2943/13-1) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 2017/25383-0) to CGL; FAPEAM to JGB; and CNPq--Programa de Expansão da Pós-graduação em áreas Estratégicas to VCO. Individual productivity grants were received by PSP (CNPq 303548/2017-7), LJ (CNPq 304710/2019-9), NH (CNPq 308970/2019-5) and FOR (CNPq 302755/2018-7). PSP received a research grant from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (PPM-00608/15). RMH received Fulbright Brazil and Amnis Opes Institute grants. Major research funding was supplied by the: Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia–da Biodiversidade e Uso da Terra na Amazônia (574008/2008-0), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (02.08.06.005.00), United Kingdom Darwin Initiative (17-023), United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council (NE/F01614X/1 and NE/G000816/1), The Nature Conservancy, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM 062.00202/2013; 0621187/2017), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)--Programa de Capacitação Institucional (482209/2010-0), CNPq INCT ADAPTA II (465540/2014-7), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), and FAPEAM-Program POSGRAD. This is contribution #70 of the Projeto Igarapés and #121 of the Rede Amazônia Sustentável publication series.

Funding

Amazonas State Research Foundation—FAPEAM. Programa de Apoio à Fixação de Doutores no Amazonas–FIXAM/AM-062.01558/2018. FAPEAM-Program POSGRAD. INCT ADAPTA II (0621187/2017). 062.00202/2013. FAPEAM-Program POSGRAD. National Council of Development for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq. 156915/2011-1. INCT ADAPTA II (465540/2014-7). Programa de Expansão da Pós-graduação em áreas Estratégicas. 303548/2017-7. 304710/2019-9. 308970/2019-5. Programa de Capacitação Institucional (482209/2010-0). CAPES–Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. PDSE 1914-13-8. PDSE 2943/13-1. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo—FAPESP. 2017/25383-0. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais. PPM-00608/15. Fulbright Brazil and Amnis Opes Institute grants. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia–da Biodiversidade e Uso da Terra na Amazônia. (574008/2008-0). Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (02.08.06.005.00). United Kingdom Darwin Initiative (17-023). United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council. NE/F01614X/1. NE/G000816/1. The Nature Conservancy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, 69067-375, Brazil

    Renato T. Martins, Vivian C. Oliveira & Neusa Hamada

  2. Secretaria de Educação do Estado de Mato Grosso, Escola Estadual Maria Miranda Araújo, Colniza, MT, 78336-000, Brazil

    Janaina Brito

  3. Laboratório de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Altamira, PA, 68372-040, Brazil

    Karina Dias-Silva

  4. Laboratório de Hidrologia Florestal, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”,, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil

    Cecília G. Leal & Felipe R. de Paula

  5. Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil

    Rafael P. Leitão

  6. Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, 68040-255, Brazil

    José M. B. Oliveira-Júnior

  7. Instituto de Biociéncias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil

    Fabio O. Roque

  8. Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal, Do Pará, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil

    Leandro Juen

  9. Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil

    Jorge L. Nessimian

  10. Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil

    Paulo S. Pompeu

  11. Amnis Opes Institute, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA

    Robert M. Hughes

  12. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

    Robert M. Hughes

Authors
  1. Renato T. Martins
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  2. Janaina Brito
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  3. Karina Dias-Silva
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  13. Paulo S. Pompeu
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  14. Robert M. Hughes
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Contributions

RTM: conceptualization, data analyses, visualization, writing (original draft), writing (reviewing & editing). JB: conceptualization, methods, data acquisition, data analysis, writing (review & editing). KDS: methods, data acquisition, writing (review & editing). CGL: conceptualization, methods, data acquisition, data curation, writing (reviewing & editing). RPL: conceptualization, methods, data acquisition, data curation, writing (reviewing & editing). VCO: methods, data acquisition. JMBOJ: methods, data acquisition, writing (reviewing & editing). FRP: methods, data acquisition, writing (reviewing & editing). FOR: writing (reviewing & editing). NH: supervision, methods. LJ: conceptualization, methods, data acquisition, writing (reviewing & editing). JLN: methods. PSP: supervision, methods, writing (reviewing & editing). RMH: methods, data acquisition, conceptualization, writing (original draft), writing (reviewing & editing).

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Correspondence to Renato T. Martins.

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Martins, R.T., Brito, J., Dias-Silva, K. et al. Congruence and responsiveness in the taxonomic compositions of Amazonian aquatic macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages. Hydrobiologia 849, 2281–2298 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04867-z

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