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Do environmental conditions modulated by land use drive fish functional diversity in streams?

  • NEOTROPICAL STREAMS IN CHANGING LANDSCAPES
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Abstract

Functional diversity metrics have been suggested as important indicators of ecosystem functioning. We investigated the effects of land use mediated by local environmental variables on the fish assemblages’ functional structure in 18 headwater streams distributed in the Upper Paraná and Iguaçu ecoregions. The species were characterized according to habitat use, food resource use, life history, and hypoxia tolerance. We calculated functional diversity indices [richness (FRic), evenness (FEve), divergence (FDiv), dispersion (FDis), diversity (RaoQ)] and functional rarity indices [distinctiveness (Disti), uniqueness (Uni)], and evaluated the effects of regional and local variables on these indices using generalized linear models. The results highlighted the occurrence of the most functionally distinct and unique species in the forested streams. Moreover, we observed higher FRic in streams sampled in argisol, with a high ammonia load and low habitat diversity. Forested and agricultural covers positively affected FDis and RaoQ. Urban cover had a negative effect on FDis and RaoQ, mainly due to the increase in generalist functional groups in urban streams. Our findings emphasize the importance of forested cover in maintaining specialized species in fish assemblages of streams and preserving functional diversity and ecosystem functioning. Furthermore, these results contribute to direct conservation and recovery measures in freshwater environments.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the scholarship, the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE) for the logistical support for the field collection, to the researchers of the Coleção Ictiológica do Nupélia (Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura) for confirming the identification of the species, and to Prof. Dr. Pitágoras Augusto Piana for his support during the statistical analysis. Carla Simone Pavanelli is partially financed by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Process # 308777/2019-0.

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  1. Programa de pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, PGB – Bloco G80, Sala 201, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020 -900, Brazil

    Crislei Larentis

  2. Programa de pós-graduação em Biologia Comparada, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020 -900, Brazil

    Carla Simone Pavanelli

  3. Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná – UNIOESTE, campus Cascavel, Lieb – Laboratório de Ictiologia, Ecologia e Biomonitoramento, R. Universitária, 1619, Cascavel, PR, CEP 85819-110, Brazil

    Rosilene Luciana Delariva

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  1. Crislei Larentis
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Larentis, C., Pavanelli, C.S. & Delariva, R.L. Do environmental conditions modulated by land use drive fish functional diversity in streams?. Hydrobiologia 849, 4465–4483 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04756-x

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