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The role of secondary riparian forests for conserving fish assemblages in eastern Amazon streams

  • NEOTROPICAL STREAMS IN CHANGING LANDSCAPES
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Abstract

Riparian deforestation degrades stream habitats, altering fish assemblages’ structure, and composition. In contrast, secondary riparian forests can recover stream habitats and fish assemblages as they recover structural attributes and ecological processes. We evaluated whether the amount and condition of secondary riparian forests were important to conserve fish assemblages in 49 streams sites in eastern Amazonia. We related fish assemblage taxonomic and functional measures to riparian forest amount plus different habitat metrics using regression analysis. We compared assemblage measures among reference forests, abandoned pastures (open canopy), and secondary forests (closed canopy) using ANOVA tests. The amount of secondary forests had little influence on fish assemblages. Species richness, diversity, and functional richness were higher in pasture than in reference sites but returned to pre-disturbance conditions in secondary sites. However, functional evenness was lower in pasture streams and did not recover after secondary forest regrowth. Our results show that secondary riparian forest condition is important to recover some aspects of fish assemblages. However, streams bordered by these forests may have impoverished fish assemblages because some lost sensitive species may take longer to return. Avoiding riparian deforestation is the best strategy to reduce losses in aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functions in tropical agricultural landscapes.

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Acknowledgements

This is contribution # 77 of the Rede Amazônia Sustentável publication series. We thank D. Bastos, D. Carvalho, R. Duarte, T. Franco, L. Juen, K. Silva, V. Campos, J. Brito, J. M. Oliveira-Junior, M. Silva, L. Brasil, L. Silva, M. Nascimento, R. Freitas, and M. Oliveira for their assistance with field work. We also thank the workers unions and all collaborating private landowners and Paragominas for their support. N. Rabelo and S. Cunha helped with ecomorphological analyses.

Funding

This work was financially supported by: Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia—Biodiversidade e Uso da Terra na Amazonia (574008/2008-0), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (02.08.06.005.00), the United Kingdom government Darwin Initiative (17-023), The Nature Conservancy, Natural Environment Research Council (NE/F01614X/1, NE/G000816/1), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (062.00202/2013), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (482209/2010-0). Individual funding included scholarships from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Grant 2018/12341-0) to FRP; scholarships from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (2943-13-1, PDSE 2943/13-1), Programa de Capacitação Institucional CNPq/MCTI/MPEG (300231/2016–4), and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Grant 2017/25383-0) to CGL; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (156915/2011-1, 436007/2018-5), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PDSE 1914-13-8), and Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais (P&D ANELL/CEMIG GT-599) to RPL; productivity grant from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (307464/2009-1) to JZ; productivity grant from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (304002/2014-3) and researcher grant from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (PPM-00608/15) to PSP; and a Fulbright Brasil and Amnis Opes Institute grant to RMH.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CP 9, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil

    Felipe Rossetti de Paula, Cecília Gontijo Leal & Sílvio Frosini de Barros Ferraz

  2. Department of Genetic, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270901, Brazil

    Rafael Pereira Leitão

  3. Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, Av. Central s/n Campus Universitário, Lavras, MG, 37200900, Brazil

    Paulo Santos Pompeu

  4. Biodiversity Thematic Group, National Institute for Amazonia Research, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Manaus, AM, 69067375, Brazil

    Jansen Alfredo Sampaio Zuanon

  5. Amnis Opes Institute and Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon State University, 2895 Southeast Glenn Street, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA

    Robert M. Hughes

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de Paula, F.R., Leal, C.G., Leitão, R.P. et al. The role of secondary riparian forests for conserving fish assemblages in eastern Amazon streams. Hydrobiologia 849, 4529–4546 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04507-4

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