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Macroinvertebrate taxa display increased fidelity to preferred biotopes among disturbed sites in a hydrologically variable tropical river

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Abstract

Understanding the biotope requirements of the various aquatic biota is crucial for effective biomonitoring. Yet, the biotope preferences of macroinvertebrates in Afrotropical rivers have been poorly studied. In this study, we investigated the influence of human disturbance and flow-driven biotope changes on the β-diversity and biotope preferences of macroinvertebrates in the Mara River, Kenya. Macroinvertebrates were sampled from various biotopes at seven reference and nine impaired sites in wet and dry seasons. β-Diversity was determined (i) for each biotope and (ii) at the site scale, combining all biotopes sampled, and macroinvertebrate biotope preferences were assessed among biotopes between reference and impaired sites. Minor β-diversity differences were observed between reference and impaired sites based on relative abundance data, but differences were greater when the presence–absence data were used. There were no statistically significant changes in macroinvertebrate biotope preference due to human disturbance, but fidelity to preferred biotopes increased at impaired sites. In fast-flowing waters, Simuliidae, Baetidae, Tricorythidae, and Hydropsychidae dominated stable rocky substrates and were the most sensitive to flow alteration. This study adds valuable information on the effects of biotope reduction/loss and flow alteration on the diversity and biotope preferences of macroinvertebrates in Afrotropical rivers, and contributes to improvement of relevant bioassessment protocols and biodiversity conservation efforts.

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Acknowledgements

We thank a number of graduate students (Augustine Sitati, Joshua Kimeli, and George Alal) who assisted in field sampling and laboratory processing of samples. This Study was funded partly by the National Research Fund-2016/2017 FY Grants through the KISS Project and partly by the Netherlands Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya through the MaMaSe Project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya

    Frank O. Masese & Alfred O. Achieng

  2. Aquatic Science and Ecosystems Group, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

    Frank O. Masese

  3. Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University Mpumalanga, Private Bag X11283, Nelspruit, 1200, South Africa

    Gordon C. O’Brien

  4. Department of Water Resources and Ecosystems, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands

    Michael E. McClain

  5. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Michael E. McClain

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  1. Frank O. Masese
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Masese, F.O., Achieng, A.O., O’Brien, G.C. et al. Macroinvertebrate taxa display increased fidelity to preferred biotopes among disturbed sites in a hydrologically variable tropical river. Hydrobiologia 848, 321–343 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04437-1

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